Chapter 2 Management Theory

Chapter Objectives 1.Define management, sport management, and a manager 2.Understand the functions of the management process 3.Identify the different management styles and the benefits and drawbacks of each 4.Understand the difference between a manager and a leader

What is Management? Management is the process of accomplishing an organization’s goals while dealing with resource constraints. In order to achieve the organizational goals laid out by those in charge, it is necessary to adhere to the functions in the management process, which include, but are not limited to, planning, organizing, staffing, leading, and controlling.

What is Sport Management? Sport management is the academic discipline that teaches and trains individuals who have a desire to work on the business side of the sport industry. Potential areas of the industry for those in sport management to work in include, but are not limited to: – Collegiate athletics or the National Collegiate Athletic Association – Professional athletics – Interscholastic athletics – State and national sport governing bodies – United States Olympic Committee – International sport governing bodies – Community and recreational sport – Youth organizations – Coaching

What is a Manager? A sport manager is the individual who is responsible for the planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling functions that are completed for the organization. The sport manager is responsible for achieving an organization’s goals while working within the resources that are available.

Functions in the Management Process A manager must carry out the five primary functions of the management process: – Planning – Organizing – Staffing – Leading – Controlling These functions can be the difference between running a successful or an unsuccessful organization.

Functions in the Management Process: Planning Define where the organization wants to be in the future and how to arrive there. Setting goals during the planning stage should follow the SMART (Specific, Measureable, Attainable, Realistic, and Timely) principle. Develop plans to coordinate and implement the work that needs to be done. Make decisions and quickly understand the situation; weigh the pros and cons of each possible decision; and decide on a course of action.

Functions in the Management Process: Organizing Involves breaking down the total work that has to be completed into different jobs and creating a plan to coordinate how these jobs will be assigned to individuals and completed. Determine what is needed to meet the organizational goals, who will be responsible for each area, and how it will be effectively accomplished.

Functions in the Management Process: Staffing Involves making sure there are enough staff members in the organization to achieve the organizational goals. Create a job description to outline the position and the work that will be performed. It is the organization’s responsibility to train the person to the job specification, the organization culture, expectations, and so forth. Secure volunteers to help run the event.

Functions in the Management Process: Leading The process of using social and informal processes to influence employee’s performance. Responsible for directing, influencing, and motivating the employee. Nurture and mentor their employees. Communication may be the most important piece of the leading process.

Functions in the Management Process: Controlling Process of monitoring employee’s performance and taking action to ensure desired results. Hold employees accountable and provide the opportunity for the manager to provide feedback to the employees about their performance. Providing oversight and feedback along the way will help keep all employees on task, which should assist the organization in meeting its overall goals.

Management Styles Each manager will have his or her own distinct management style. While everyone is certainly different, there are five specific types of management styles or philosophies managers may fall into while in the workplace.

Management Styles (cont.)

Leadership Leadership is process of influencing individuals or groups of people to work toward a shared goal. Leaders and managers are not the same thing. A leader does not necessarily have to be the manager and a manager is not always a leader. While leading is one of the five aspects of the management process, not everyone is able to be an effective leader.

Effective Leadership Guidelines There are several guidelines that one must follow in order to be an effective leader. – Lead by example – Delegate – Communicate – Passion – Demonstrate competence and knowledge – Know your staff – Creativity – Be loyal