UEQ and LEQ UEQ: How did the French Revolution change society, politics, and the economy in France? LEQ: How did social and economic problems in France cause frustration, anger, and fear among the French people?

Vocabulary Old Regime Revolution Estate Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette National Assembly Great Fear Tennis Court Oath Estates-General

Warm Up How would you change an unfair (unjust) government? Grab your textbook and turn to page 216. – Read over the two paragraphs at the top of the page. – Study the picture and read the three key points about the picture. Answer the two questions under Examining the Issues in complete sentences with detailed explanations. (5 points each)

What Determines a Person’s Class??? In the United States today, three classes exist.. Writing Prompt: Study each picture carefully, on a separate half sheet of lined paper that I will give you, write down the name of each of the three classes that exist in America. Next, describe each class (give your own definition of the class and how a person can become a part of each class.) Worth 20 points.

Beginning of the Revolution 1700s – France was the most advanced and respected country. – Reasons Large Population Center for Enlightenment thinkers and ideas France’s culture was used in other countries Traded with many other countries Problems – Bad harvests of food caused starvation and disease – High prices and taxes forced citizens into poverty – Enlightenment ideas caused citizens to question French rulers

The Old Way of Life Old Regime – The social and political system of France (old way) – Existed in the 1770’s and divided French citizens into three classes called estates.

Privileged Estates First Estate – Members of the Catholic Church – Owned 10 percent of land in France – Gave education and aid to the poor Second Estate – Rich French citizens (nobles) – Owned 20 percent of land in France – Well educated. Both estates paid almost no taxes and feared Enlightenment ideas and writers…

First Estate

Second Estate

Final Estate Third Estate – 97 percent of French citizens were in this class Three Citizen Groups – Bourgeoisie – Workers – Peasants All three groups faced different conditions because of how they lived their lives.

Bourgeoisie Middle class French citizens, worked in banks, owned businesses. Paid high taxes and had few rights.

Workers Poorest group of French citizens, worked as servants and apprentices. Paid low wages, many were out of work and were hungry.

Peasants Largest group of the Third Estate, roughly 21 million people in France. Paid half of their money to taxes, the Catholic church, and rich French citizens. Hated the upper class and church workers.

Causes of Change The hatred that the lower class citizens had for upper class citizens is one of the main causes of the Revolution. The Enlightenment – Citizens in the third estate began questioning the upper class and the French rulers. – Citizens demand equality, liberty, and democracy

Causes of Change Economic Problems – Heavy taxes made it impossible for people to buy or even sell items in France. – Cost of living (how much it costs for a person to live a year) increased. – Bad weather caused crop failures across France, which caused the price of food to go up. King Louis XVI and Queen Marie Antoinette – Louis inherited the debt left from other French Kings and Queens – Heavily spent money on their rich lifestyle – Louis borrowed money from other countries

Causes of Change Leadership – Louis XVI was a weak ruler who did not care about government and paid no attention to how he ruled. – Marie Antoinette gave Louis poor advice on how to rule, she spent money on clothing, jewels, and gambling. Louis was forced to tax the upper class without permission of upper class. Upper class citizens force Louis to call a meeting called the Estates General. – Representatives of all estate classes meet to vote on new tax. – Meeting is the first in 175 years and is held at Versailles Palace.

Character Study Complete the character study handout that I have given you on Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette.

Louis XVI Description

Marie Antoinette Description

Revolution Begins Estates General Meeting – representatives of the third estate are separated from the other estates. – Decide to pass laws and change France for the citizens of France without approval of other estates. – Call themselves the National Assembly The Third Estate is locked out of Versailles. – Break into a tennis court – Pledge to draw up a constitution (plan for government) which is eventually called the Tennis Court Oath Out of fear Louis has his mercenary army surround Versailles for protection.

National Assembly The Tennis Court Oath

Storming of the Bastille

Paris – citizens began spreading rumors that Louis was going to get rid of the National Assembly and that troops were going to kill French citizens. – French citizens arm themselves with weapons July 14 – French citizens take over the Bastille prison in Paris while looking for weapons. Citizens cut the guards up and paraded their heads around the city. Storming of the Bastille is the beginning of the Revolution as citizens take control.

The Great Fear Rebellion spreads across France. – Citizens fear that rich citizens hired criminals to scare and attack them. Panic spreads from town to town as citizens become criminals.

End of the French Monarchy Great Fear – Citizens break into rich citizens home and burn them down. – In 1789, thousands of women in Paris riot over the price of bread. Many marched to the Palace of Versailles where they broke into the palace and captured King Louis and Queen Marie Antoinette. – King Louis and Queen Marie Antoinette are forced to leave the Palace and never return.

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