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The French Revolution and Napoleon
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The French Revolution Begins
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Objectives List the three estates of the Old Regime
Summarize the factors that led to the French Revolution Describe the create of the National Assembly and the storming of the Bastille Explain the importance of the Great Fear and the women’s march on Versailles
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The Old Order First Estate Second Estate Third Estate Old Regime
Clergy Second Estate Nobility Third Estate Commoners Old Regime the political and social system that existed in France before the French Revolution Estates One of the three social classes in France before the French Revolution
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The Old Order The Church owned 10% of the land in France Nobles
The Privileged Estate The Church owned 10% of the land in France Nobles ~2% of the population Owned 20% of land Paid no taxes Scored Enlightenment ideas
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The Old Order Second group – workers Low wages Frequently out of work
The Third Estate ~97% of the population First group – Bourgeoisie Bankers Factory owners Merchants Professionals Skilled artisans Welled educated and believed strongly in Enlightenment ideas Often as wealthy as nobles, but paid high taxed Second group – workers Tradespeople Apprentices Labors Domestic servants Low wages Frequently out of work Third Group – peasants 80% of France’s 26 million pop. Half of their pay was spoken for
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Forces of Change New views of power and government
Enlightenment Ideas Economic Troubles New views of power and government Inspired by American Revolution Started to demand Equality Liberty Democracy 1780s prosperous economy declines Burden is put on businesses through taxes Cost of living rising Crop failures Price of bread doubles Extravagant spending by Louis XVI Marie Antoinette
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Paid little attention to advisors
Forces of Change A Weak Leader Paid little attention to advisors Bad patience Marie Antoinette gave bad advise Was unpopular – Austrian “Madame Deficit” Assembly of representatives from all three estates Estates-General May 5, 1789 First in 75 years
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Dawn of the Revolution Tennis Court Pledge
The National Assembly Dated back to the middle ages Each estate gets one vote Third Estate insisted that all meet together National Assembly Established to enact laws and reform in the name of the French people Tennis Court Pledge Would not leave until a new constitution was drafted Sympathetic members of clergy and nobles join
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Dawn of the Revolution Rumors fly People began to gather weapons
Storming the Bastille Rumors fly People began to gather weapons July 14th Attack the Bastille for gunpowder Overpower the guard and sieze power
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A Great Free Sweeps France
Great Fear A wave of senseless panic that spread through the French countryside after storming the Bastille Destroyed legal documents that bound peasants to the land Women march on Versailles Louis and Marie flee Signaled a change of power and radical reform about to take over in France
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