“Lightning War” BLITZKRIEG A new type of warfare using rapid, coordinated movements by airplanes, tanks, troop carriers, and infantry A change from Defense in WWI to Offense

In the Spring of 1940, Hitler turns to the West and conquers France Hitler Conquers Europe

By late 1940, Hitler and the Nazis had control of almost all of Europe. Hitler Conquers Europe

NEUTRALITY ACTS ( )  Prohibited Americans from travelling on ships of nations at war & could not sell goods to Britain  No selling of military items  Non-military goods sold on cash & carry basis

FDR’S “FOUR FREEDOMS” SPEECH  FDR told Americans he hoped to establish a world based on four freedoms: speech and expression, religion, freedom from want, and freedom from fear.

U.S. MOVES TOWARDS WAR  FDR believed that U.S. entry into the war was inevitable and feared if Hitler defeated Britain, he would later attack the United States.  Didn’t want China to fall to Japan, American volunteer fighter pilots “Flying Tigers” to Send supplies & combat Japanese pilots

 Law passed in 1941 that allowed the U.S to lend or lease arms to any country that was considered vital to the defense of the U.S.

THE ATLANTIC CHARTER  In mid-1941, FDR and Churchill met and signed the Atlantic Charter, which solidified the British-American alliance and defined the Allies’ goals.

The Atlantic Charter established a nine-point vision for a post–World War II world:  No territorial gains sought by the United States or the United Kingdom;  Territorial adjustments must be in accord with wishes of the people;  The right to self-determination of peoples;  Trade barriers lowered;  Global economic cooperation and advancement of social welfare;  Freedom from want and fear;  Freedom of the seas;  Disarmament of aggressor nations, postwar common disarmament;  Defeat of Germany and other Axis powers.

Great BritainUnited StatesSoviet Russia THE ALLIES Franklin D. RooseveltWinston ChurchillJoseph Stalin France Charles De Gaulle

 Japan continued to seek raw materials through conquest. Goal: push Western powers out and establish a new order in East Asia  In attempt to undercut Japan, the U.S.: 1) sent $$ & other aid to China (Flying Tigers) 2) Froze Japanese assets in American banks 3) Blocked exports of vital resources (oil) to Japan  Because of this- relations between US & Japan quickly worsened

 “A Date Which Will Live in Infamy”  Japan Bombs Pearl Harbor  More than 300 bombers & fighter planes launched an attack on Pearl Harbor (Home of the US Pacific Fleet in Hawaii)  Attack lasted a little over 2 hours  Left more than 2,400 Americans dead, and nearly 1,200 wounded 895/The-attack-on-Pearl-Harbor-from-the-movie-Pearl- Harbor

 The following day- FDR declares war on Japan  3 days later, Germany & Italy declare war on the US  U.S. was fighting a 2-front war  FDR: “Hostilities exist, Our people, our territory, and our interests are in grave danger.”

U.S. builds up its military Selective Service and Training Act passed Recruits sent to basic training for eight weeks to prepare them for how to fight in war They learned how to read maps, handle weapons, and dig ditches U.S. government starts the draft