1. WORLD WAR II

2. 1) AMERICAN ISOLATIONISM AND NEUTRALITY of the 1930s
Origins?
George Washington
Monroe Doctrine
Failure to join the League of Nations

3. 2) NEUTRALITY ACTS
No arms sales or loans to nations at war including civil war (Spain)

4. 3) Three Ways we were moving away from neutrality
“cash and carry” – nations can buy American arms as long as they pay cash and carry them on their own ships
Neutrality Acts Congress agrees to Cash-Carry
US builds up their military

5. 4) LEND-LEASE ACT * US becomes the Arsenal of Democracy
FDR found a way around the Neutrality Acts to provide aid, including warships to Great Britain and other allies.
He convinced Congress to sign the Lend- Lease which allowed the US to sell or lend war materials:
“to any country whose defense the President deems vital to the defense of the United States!”
FDR said the US would become the
* US becomes the Arsenal of Democracy

6. 5) Roosevelt prepares for war
Atlantic Charter and the Declaration of United Nations- 26 nations fighting Axis powers= 4/5 of humanity.
Draft is instituted at home.
US navy ordered to “shoot on sight” any Axis ship.

7. US response to Japanese aggression
US bans sale items to Japan that include war materials: iron, steel and oil
Extreme militarists gaining power in Japan
Japan wanted lands in Asia and Pacific
US interfering in plans
(add this under #5)

8. 6) NEUTRALITY SHATTERED 1941
12/6/1941 message decoded saying that Japan’s peace envoy rejects all American peace proposals
December 7, 1941 Japanese War planes attacked the US fleet at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii
FDR called it a date that would “live in infamy”!
Attack fueled nationalism and patriotism
12/8/1941 Congress declared war on
Japan the day after the attack

9. USS Arizona

10. Pearl Harbor Photos

22. Major Events of World War II
Europe:
1939 Germany Invades Poland – Blitzkrieg
1940 Most of Europe falls to the Nazis - France & Battle of Britain
June 6, 1944 D-Day Allied invasion of Normandy, France across English Channel
December 1944 – Battle of Bulge – last Nazi offensive
April 1945 US and USSR forces meet at
Elbe River and Hitler kills himself
May 8th 1945 V-E Day

23. Major Events of World War II
Asia
Japan seizes most of SE Asia and is on move towards Australia
US begins Island hopping campaign
1942 Battle of Midway – US gains supremacy in Pacific
bitter battles on Iwo Jima and Okinawa
August 6, 1945 Truman agrees to use of Atomic bomb on Hiroshima
August 9, 1945 US drops atomic bomb on
Nagasaki
August 14, 1945 Hirohito announces
Japanese defeat to people

24. Wartime Diplomacy
Atlantic Charter Meeting 1941 – FDR & Churchill meet over ensuring lasting peace, forming the United Nations
Yalta 1945 Roosevelt. Churchill and Stalin outlined division of postwar Germany and planned for trials of war criminals

25. Nuremberg Trials
First major war crimes trials, 22 defendants, 1st time a nation is held responsible for actions during war

26. Occupation of Japan War crimes trials Transform gov’t into a democracy
Constitution

27. Wartime Diplomacy
Potsdam 1945 – Truman and other Allied leaders warned Japan to surrender to prevent utter destruction…..