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What is homeostasis?
The maintenance of stable internal conditions.
What is tissue?
Groups of similar cells that work together to perform a function. Organs are made up of tissue.
What are three types of muscle?
Smooth: like the type found in the digestive system. Cardiac: the heart has cardiac muscle Skeletal: That’s the kind that helps you move.
Explain the difference between tendons and ligaments.
Tendons: tough bands of connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone. Ligaments: hold joints together.
What are the two types of marrow and what is the function of each?
Red Marrow: Makes new red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Yellow Marrow: Stores fat
What is urine?
The yellow liquid that remains after the nephrons have filtered the blood.
What do the kidneys do?
They filter about 2,000 L of blood per day. They have microscopic filters called nephrons that remove wastes. This waste is a concentrated mixture called urine, which contains ammonia/urea. The urine collects in the bladder and exits through the ureter and urethra.
What are three types of metabolic waste?
Urine (ammonia) Feces Carbon Dioxide
What is the term for the body’s ability to resist or recover from illness?
Immunity
What do antibiotics do?
Fight bacterial infection
What is an allergic reaction?
An overreaction or over- sensitivity of the immune system.
What is an infectious disease?
A disease that can be transmitted from one person to another.
What do platelets do?
They help to seal open wounds
What do the following have in common: -bacteria -viruses -protists -prions?
They are all pathogens.
Which types of cells destroy viruses?
Killer T-Cells
What does the immune system do?
It fights pathogens that invade the body.
What is an autoimmune disease?
A disease that turns the body’s immune system against itself.
What are three the major components of the skeletal system?
-Spongy Bone -Compact Bone -Red Marrow -Yellow Marrow -Cartilage
What is a feedback mechanism?
It’s a cycle of events in which one step affects what happens in another step (kinda how the endocrine system functions).
Where do killer t-cells mature?
The thymus gland.
What is diabetes mellitus?
A disorder in which the pancreas does not produce insulin.
How are the nervous system and endocrine system similar…how are they different?
They both send messages. Nervous system-sends them using nerve impulses (electrical). Endocrine system-sends them via hormones (chemical).
What hormone is responsible for the “fight or flight” response?
Epinephrine aka Adrenaline
Would you expect bone cells or muscle cells to contain a greater number of mitochondria? Why?
Muscle cells…they have to do a lot of work on demand and are directly involved in movement.
What is the system that protects the body from the external environment and includes the skin?
The integumentary system