Scientific Method

6 Steps Step 1- Observation, Get an Idea and Ask a Question

Observe, Get an Idea! and Ask a Question?

Step 2- Research Topic Frogs breath through their skin Frogs are ultra sensitive to uv light Frogs need to stay moist Frog eggs do not have a hard protective coating The hole in the ozone layer is causing more UV light to hit earth

WHY? What has gone wrong?

Step 3- Hypothesis A testable explanation of a situation It can be an educated guess Its written as an if…then.. statement Write down one hypothesis about why the frogs are deformed. __________________________

Class Hypothesis Too much UV light causes the frogs to be deformed

UV Light

Step 4. Experimental Procedure Experiment Steps: 1. Experimental Design 2. Procedure

Vocabulary 1. Variables- the things that can affect the experiment Ex: type of eggs Amount of UV Temp. of water

Vocabulary Cont.. 2. Independent variable- the variable that is changed on purpose in an experiment EX: Amount of UV light 3. Dependent Variable- the variable, that is believed to be caused by the called independent variable. EX: Deformed frogs

Vocabulary Cont… 4. Control group- this is the group that provides comparison. This group is the group that is not being experimented on. 5. Experimental group- this is the group that is being experimented on.

Variables Number of eggs Amount of UV light Temperature of environment

The UV Experiment Control Group 100 Frog eggs Eggs kept in a lab tank at 30 degrees Celsius No UV light Experimental Group 100 eggs Eggs kept in a lab tank at 30 degrees Celsius 12 hours of UV light

Experimental Procedure Materials Needed Aquarium for Frog Eggs UV Light

Step 5- Collect Data Data is usually in the form of numbers

Data Control Group- 65 eggs hatched into normal developed frogs Experimental group- 40 eggs hatched, 27 frogs seemed to look normal, while 13 frogs seemed deformed in some way.

Deformed frogs

Step 6 - Conclusion and Analysis of Data Usually scientists create a chart or table to show data, this will show trends in the experimentation.

Step 5. Data from experiment

Step-6 Conclusion and Analysis of Data The data supports the hypothesis that UV light does affect frog eggs and the frogs.

******* After a scientist has reached a conclusion he/she sends it to a scientific journal for peer review