1. Nature of Science

2. What is Science? Investigate the Natural World
Propose explanations – from observations and experiments

3. Step 1: Science begins with an observation
How is Science Done?
Step 1: Science begins with an observation

4. Observation Activity
Write down observations (description) about something in the room in your notebook. No using function – only description to see if the class can determine what you described.

5. Hypothesis A problem or a question is identified from observations.
Step 2:
Observation / Asking a Question
Step 3: Form a Hypothesis
Hypothesis
A problem or a question is identified from observations.
A possible explanation to the question or problem. Based on observation
*stated in a way that is testable.
A statement is considered “testable” if evidence can be collected that either does or does not support it. If/Then
Why can some cells regenerate while other cells cannot
What effect does temperature have on heart rate?
Must be testable

6. YOUR HYPOTHESIS
Think about any observation and write a proposed answer for the observation or question in an if/then format
Example: If I complete all of my assignment in Mrs. Thennis’ class, then I will pass the class. 

7. Step 4 Design and Conducting Experiments
Well Designed Provides:
reliable and accurate results
Is controlled - changes only one variable at a time
Other variables are controlled. In your hypothesis what would need to be controlled.

8. Step 4: Design Includes an Experimental Group and Control Group
comparison between a Experimental Group with a Control Group.
Mrs. Thennis’ Experiment
Experimental Group: Students Doing Assignments
Control (opposite): Students not Doing Assignments

9. Do Your Experimental Group and Control Group
Experimental Group (Group being experimented on) Control Group Exact opposite)

10. Continue Ex Design (Step 4) Two variable in an experiment
The independent variable is the variable that is deliberately changed by the scientist. - Manipulated
The dependent variable -one observed during the experiment. What is being measured?
- Responding

11. WHAT ARE YOUR INDEPENDENT AND DEPENDENT VARIABLES?
INDEPENDENT: (being changed) What is the difference between the Experimental Group and the Control Group?) One or two words
DEPENDENT: (what is being measured at the end of the experiment?)

12. Step 5: Perform the Experiment

13. Longer Term Studies

14. Step 6: Recording Graphs – show trends and Comparisons
Organized into a data table
Title: The amount of iron in different cereal brands
Graphs – show
trends and
Comparisons

15. There are two types of data:
Quantitative data are:
numbers and are obtained by counting or measuring.
Qualitative data are:
descriptions and involve characteristics that cannot be counted.

16. Step 7: Analyze the Experiment
Compare data
Look for trends
Propose Explanations
Analyze Sources of Error

17. Step 8: Drawing Conclusions
The evidence from the experiment is used to determine if the hypothesis is Accepted or Rejected .
Experiments must be repeated over and over. (Why procedures are important)
*results should always be the same before a valid conclusion can be reached.