By Gabe Brennaman

 The British controlled India’s government  Claimed to be preparing India for democracy in 1917  Diarchy was created and transferred some power to Indian elected legislators at the provincial level  Britain had trouble deciding whether it wanted India to be a democracy or its colony  The British Indecisiveness led to the Amritsar massacre where almost 400 Indians were shot and killed  The British government lost its legitimacy and the Indian people could no longer tolerate British rule

 Gandhi becomes the face of India’s revolution against the British  Gandhi was a Hindu  Gandhi experienced racism in South Africa  Gandhi saw how the Indian community suffered in South Africa  Remained in South Africa for 22 years  Gandhi was against violence so he used a passive resistance  Had limited success in South Africa

 Gandhi made alliances with regional leaders in India  Became a good friend of the well respected Nehru  Gandhi failed in befriending the main Muslim leader who wanted to create an independent Muslim nation  Gandhi considers letting the Muslims break away into Pakistan as his greatest failure  Gandhi also worked to end untouchability by renaming them sons of god which failed  Created scheduled castes that reserved government positions for different classes  Gandhi started a prohibition to ban drinks with alcohol which only created problems  Gandhi supported appropriate technology which supported labor intensive small scale technologies

 Gandhi started major boycotts in 1920 in which he and his followers did not pay taxes or support or consume any British exports  Gandhi then started the salt march campaign which showed the world Britain's lack of control  In 1942 he started the quit India campaign but despite all these campaigns the British did not give in until 1947

 Pakistan was created for the Muslims in India who did not want to live under Hindu government  Pakistan was divided into wings east and west  12 million people shifted homes with six million Hindus leaving west or east Pakistan and 6 million Muslims leaving India for Pakistan  Almost no Hindus live in Pakistan but in India 10 percent of its population remained Muslim  The transfer was bloody and 200,000 million people were murdered in the process  These two countries fought over Kashmir a Northern state in which India took the rich side and Pakistan took the poor side  Bangladesh then eventually brook away from Pakistan and formed a separate country but were still Muslim  Pakistan and India are still hostile toward each other

 After Independence India became a democracy  Communist parties were elected in some states such as west Bengal which was the first ever elected communist government  The Indians were never capitalists  Indira Gandhi made her motto down with poverty  Helped create Bangladesh  Used political manipulation to her benefit when she declared a state of emergency and jailed the party that was about to replace her in power  She made herself dictator for two years  Voted out of office in 1977  She was re-elected and in 1980 and once again used her power to manipulate the congress  She was assassinated in 1984 by members of her body guard

 The sex ratio in 1991 was 927 women per every 1,000 men  Suicide rates for women in India were the highest in the world  Literacy rates rose  Women’s jobs began to be replaced by machines  To counteract this woman would all pitch in money to start businesses as a group  Between the 1970s and the 1990s rice production was tripled  The rich got richer but the poor weren't getting poorer but unfortunately this caused major social tensions in India  India tried to use family planning to control there amazingly fast growing population but this only slowed it down slightly and they remained the fastest growing in the world  India tried to Industrialize but this caused there economy to become almost free market

 swadeshi: A Hindi word used as a slogan for the Indian boycott against foreign goods in 1905  harijan: Term meaning children of god. Applied by Gandhi to the lowest class including untouchables who did not like this name  dalit: meaning oppressed person. Untouchables preferred this name  satyagraha: an expression meaning truth force. Part of Gandhi’s policy for non-violence  patrilineal: Inheritance through male line  patrilocal: residence by a couple in the home of the males family  Sati: Hindu custom where the widows burn themselves after the husbands death

 Satahirya  Duma