Bellwork Please take out your MAIN Foldables from Friday. Review the MAIN causes. Absent? Please get a piece of paper form the back and use a table member’s foldable as a model.
WWI The Spark!
MAIN Causes of WWI Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism
Militarism The glorification of the military build-up of sophisticated armies and navies. Caused mainly by the competition over colonies and protection of those territories.
Alliances Alliance: An agreement between 2 or more countries where each will defend each other if attacked. Supposed to be a deterrent for war. If you attack me you have to fight them also.
Imperialism Great Britain (GB), France, Germany, Russia, & Italy All 5 competed over Africa, Asia/India, and the Caribbean/South America. Disputes over boundaries and natural resources Resulted in small conflicts, bitter feelings, and aggressive attitudes. Made a military build up necessary. Bottom line: It was all about the Money and the Power!
Nationalism Pride and devotion towards one’s own Country or Heritage. Competition over money, land, military, resources, etc. through: Imperialism Industrial Revolution Smaller countries/groups fed off of this growing nationalism to help their causes (gain independence): Serbia, Austria-Hungary
Triple Alliance Bismarck was fearful of France In 1882, Otto von Bismarck from Germany formed an alliance with Austria-Hungary Italy joined in this alliance and it became know as the Triple Alliance. Wilhelm forced Bismarck to resign
Triple Entente In 1890 France, who was fearful of the Triple Alliance formed an alliance with Russia 1904 Great Britain also joined to form an alliance known as the Triple Entente. Russian also had an alliance with Serbia. This split Europe in half
Crisis in the Balkans Austria-Hungary (A-H) contained a large number of Slavic people. These Slavs envisioned an empire of their own. Serbia supported this and pushed for a Slavic nation called Yugoslavia. A-H was not willing to split its Empire
The Balkans Austria-Hungary (A-H) contained a large number of Slavic people. These Slavs envisioned an empire of their own. Serbia supported this and pushed for a Slavic nation called Yugoslavia. A-H was not willing to split its Empire
The Spark! Archduke Franz Ferdinand & wife Sophie - heirs to the throne in A-H Visit to Sarajevo – shot to death: June 28, 1914
The Ultimatum Assassination organized by the “Black Hand” (secret society) – Gavrilo Princip (Serbian) A-H gave Serbia an ultimatum with several conditions (with the support of Germany) Serbia did not agree to all of them Austria used this as an excuse to declare war
Declaration of War July 28, 1914 Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia Russia jumped in to support Serbia England, Italy, & Germany urged A-H to negotiate with Russia, but it was too late!
Alliances Lead to War Russia had to defend Serbia or risk losing the support of the Balkan Region. So it began to Mobilize. Germany demanded Russia to step down, but Russia knew they had the backing of France. On August 1, 1914 Germany declared war on Russia, & 2 days later on France. Germany began an offensive against France by going through Belgium (a neutral country). This angered G.B. and on August 4, 1914 they declared war on Germany.
Two Sides Face Off Central Powers: Germany, Austria- Hungary, Ottoman Empire, Bulgaria Called the central powers because of the location of Germany & A-H in Europe Allied Powers: France, Great Britain, Russia, Japan, Italy and the U.S. will join later
Mark the Text Number the paragraphs Circle names of people, places and dates. Highlight or box any unfamiliar words. Underline the author’s claims, points, and relevant information.
Text Dependent Questions What day is “engraved deeply in the heart of every Serb”? Why? Why were the Serbs so angry with Ferdinand? Who threw the grenade that did not kill the Archduke? Why did the Austrian commander want the Archduke to leave? Describe Princip’s attack on the Archduke and his wife in your own words. How was Gavrilo Princip captured? How did those near the scene treat Princip?