VOCABULARY ASSIGNMENT  Words on pages 299 – 306 and Chapter 19  22 Words due Thursday  Quiz Friday

Main Idea 4 What are the categories of biological classification?

TAXONOMY 4 IS THE SCIENCE OF NAMING AND CLASSIFYING ORGANISMS 4 TAXA ARE THE CATEGORIES USED

CLASSIFICATION 4 BRINGS ORDER TO LIFE 4 SERVES AS A BASIS FOR CLASSIFYING UNFAMILIAR ORGANISMS 4 PROVIDES A MEANS FOR NAMING ORGANISMS (COMMON NAMES CAN BE CONFUSING)

CAROLUS LINNAEUS 4 INTRODUCED BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE GENUS – (NOUN) THESE ORGANISMS SHARE IMPORTANT CHARACTERISTICS SPECIES – (ADJECTIVE) IDENTIFIES ONE PARTICULAR KIND OF ORGANISM WITHIN THE GENUS

GENUS AND SPECIES 4 THE SCIENTIFIC NAME 4 THE GENUS IS ALWAYS CAPITALIZED 4 THE SPECIES IS ALWAYS LOWER CASE 4 BOTH ARE ALWAYS UNDERLINED OR ITALICIZED

EXAMPLES 4 Homo sapiens 4 Felis leo

WHAT IS A SPECIES? 4 A BIOLOGICAL SPECIES IS A GROUP OF NATURALLY OCCURRING POPULATIONS THAT CAN INTERBREED AND ARE REPRODUCTIVELY ISOLATED FROM OTHER GROUPS

EXCEPTIONS 4 HYBRIDS ARE OFFSPRING FROM DIFFERENT SPECIES THAT CAN INTERBREED 4 A DOG CAN BREED WITH A WOLF AND PRODUCE A DOG-WOLF HYBRID 4 IN ORDER TO INTERBREED THE TWO SPECIES MUST BE VERY CLOSELY RELATED

THE CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM 4 DOMAIN 4 KINGDOM 4 PHYLUM 4 CLASS 4 ORDER 4 FAMILY 4 GENUS 4 SPECIES

DOMAINS ARCHAEA – CONTAINS THE KINGDOM ARCHAEBACTERIA (ANCIENT BACTERIA) BACTERIA – CONTAINS THE KINGDOM EUBACTERIA (TRUE BACTERIA) EUKARYA – CONTAINS THE PROTISTA, FUNGI, PLANTAE AND ANIMALIA KINGDOMS

DOMAIN ARCHAEA 4 CELL WALL MADE OF LIPIDS 4 IDENTIFIED USING COMMON DNA SEQUENCES. 4 LIVE IN A VARIETY OF ENVIRONMENTS 4 CONTAINS THE KINGDOM ARCHAEBACTERIA

4 CONTAINS THE OLDEST AND MOST ABUNDANT LIFE FORMS 4 CONTAINS THE KINGDOM EUBACTERIA DOMAIN BACTERIA

DOMAIN EUKARYA 4 EUKARYOTIC CELLS 4 SEXUAL REPRODUCTION 4 MULTICELLULARITY CAN EXIST

MULTICELLULARITY 4 COLONIAL - CELLS PERMANENTLY ASSOCIATED BUT DO NOT COMMUNICATE 4 AGGREGATIONS - TEMPORARY COLLECTION OF CELLS THAT COME TOGETHER FOR A PERIOD OF TIME AND SEPARATE

TRUE MULTICELLULARITY 4 COMPOSED OF MANY CELLS THAT ARE PERMANENTLY ASSOCIATED WITH ONE ANOTHER 4 SHOWS DIFFERENTIATION BY DEVELOPING SPECIALIZED FORMS AND FUNCTIONS

COMPLEX MULTICELLULARITY 4 CELLS 4 TISSUES 4 ORGANS 4 ORGAN SYSTEMS

KINGDOM ARCHAEBACTERIA 4 PROKARYOTIC 4 CELL WALL NOT MADE OF PEPTIDOGLYCAN 4 UNICELLULAR 4 AUTOTROPHIC AND HETEROTROPHIC 4 EXAMPLE : METHANE PRODUCING BACTERIA

TYPES OF ARCHAEBACTERIA METHANOGENS 4 OBTAIN ENERGY BY COMBINING H 2 AND CO 2 TO PRODUCE METHANE GAS 4 LIVED DEEP IN MUD SWAMPS 4 POISONED BY O 2

4 THERMOPHILES LIVE IN HOT PLACES 4 HALOPHILES LIVE IN SALTY LAKES 4 ANOTHER TYPE IS FOUND IN HIGH PRESSURE, HIGH ACIDIC ENVIRONMENTS EXTREMOPHILES

NONEXTREME ARCHAEBACTERIA 4 GROW IN THE SAME ENVIRONMENTS THAT BACTERIA DO

EUBACTERIA 4 PROKARYOTIC CELLS –SINGLE CELLED –NO NUCLEUS –NO MEMBRANE BOUND ORGANELLES –CELL WALL: PEPTIDOGLYCAN 4 CAN BE CHEMOSYNTHETIC, PHOTOSYNTHETIC OR HETEROTROPHIC (DECOMPOSERS) 4 EXAMPLES: –BLUE GREEN ALGAE AND BACTERIA

KINGDOM PROTISTA 4 EUKARYOTIC CELLS –USUALLY UNICELLULAR –AUTOTROPHIC OR HETEROTROPHIC 4 EXAMPLES –AMEBA –PARAMECIUM

KINGDOM FUNGI 4 COMPOSED OF THREADLIKE FILAMENTS CALLED HYPHAE 4 UNICELLULAR & MULTICELLULAR 4 CELL WALL : CHITIN 4 HETEROTROPHIC –ABSORBS FOOD 4 EXAMPLES –MUSHROOM –YEAST

KINGDOM PLANTAE MOST HAVE VASCULAR TISSUE TO TRANSPORT WATER AND MINERALS 4 AUTOTROPHIC 4 ATTACHED 4 CELL WALL: CELLULOSE 4 FORM THE BASE OF THE FOOD WEB

KINGDOM ANIMALIA 4 EUKARYOTIC 4 MULTICELLULAR 4 HETEROTROPHIC –INGESTS FOOD