1. Naming Compounds

2. 2 Binary Compounds are composed of two types of elements such as H 2 O or KBr, not necessarily just two atoms. Diatomic molecules consist of two atoms of the same type such as H 2 and O 2. 1.Binary Ionic Compounds Metal—nonmetal such as NaCl and CaCl 2. 2.Binary Covalent Compounds Nonmetal—nonmetal such as H 2 O and CO 2

3. Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 3 Binary ionic compounds contain positive cations and negative anions.  Type I compounds Metal present forms only one cation.  Type II compounds Metal present can form 2 or more cations with different charges.

4. 4 Metals (Groups I, II, and III) and Non-Metals Metal _________ + Non-Metal _________ideSodium Chlorine Sodium Chloride NaCl Type I Compounds Metal _________ + Non-Metal _________ideCalcium Bromide Calcium Bromide CaBr 2 Metal _________ + Non-Metal _________ide Aluminun Oxide Aluminum Oxide Al 2 O 3

5. Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 5 Common Simple Cations and Anions

6. Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 6 1.The cation is always named first and the anion second. 2.A simple cation takes its name from the name of the element. 3.A simple anion is named by taking the first part of the element name (the root) and adding – ide. Rules for Naming Type I Ionic Compounds

7. Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 7 Examples: KClPotassium chloride MgBr 2 Magnesium bromide CaOCalcium oxide Binary Ionic Compounds (Type I)

8. Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 8 Exercise What is the name of the compound SrBr 2 ? a)strontium bromine b)sulfur bromide c)strontium dibromide d)strontium bromide

9. Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 9 Binary Ionic Compounds (Type II) with Transition Metals Metals in these compounds can form more than one type of positive charge. Charge on the metal ion must be specified. Roman numeral indicates the charge of the metal cation. Transition metal cations usually require a Roman numeral.

10. 10 Metals (Transition Metals) and Non-Metals Metal ______ +Roman Numeral (__) + Non-Metal ________ide Iron III Bromine Iron ( III ) Bromide FeBr 3 Compare with Iron ( II ) Bromide FeBr 2 Metals (Transition Metals) and Non-Metals Older System Metal (Latin) _______ + ous or ic + Non-Metal ________ide Ferrous Bromine Ferrous Bromide FeBr 2 Compare with Ferric Bromide FeBr 3 Type II Compounds

11. 11 Common Type II Cations

12. Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 12 1.The cation is always named first and the anion second. 2.Because the cation can assume more than one charge, the charge is specified by a Roman numeral in parentheses. Rules for Naming Type II Ionic Compounds

13. Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 13 Examples: CuBrCopper(I) bromide FeSIron(II) sulfide PbO 2 Lead(IV) oxide Binary Ionic Compounds (Type II)

14. Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 14 Exercise What is the name of the compound CrO 2 ? a)chromium oxide b)chromium(II) oxide c)chromium(IV) oxide d)chromium dioxide

15. Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 15 Exercise What is the correct name of the compound that results from the most stable ion for sulfur and the metal ion that contains 24 electrons? a)iron(III) sulfide b)chromium(II) sulfide c)nickel(III) sulfate d)iron(II) sulfide

16. Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 16 Formed between two nonmetals. 1.The first element in the formula is named first, and the full element name is used. 2.The second element is named as though it were an anion. 3.Prefixes are used to denote the numbers of atoms present. 4.The prefix mono- is never used for naming the first element. Rules for Naming Type III Binary Compounds

17. 17 Type III Compounds Non-Metals and Non-Metals Use Prefixes such as mono, di, tri, tetra, penta, hexa, hepta, etc. CO 2 Carbon dioxide CO Carbon monoxide PCl 3 Phosphorus trichloride CCl 4 Carbon tetrachloride N 2 O 5 Dinitrogen pentoxide CS 2 Carbon disulfide

18. 18 Prefixes Used to Indicate Numbers in Chemical Names 9nona- 10deca- 11undeca- 12dodeca- 13trideca- 14tetradeca- 15pentadeca- 16hexadeca- 17heptadeca- 18octadeca- 19nonadeca- 20icosa Additional Prefixes

19. Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 19 Examples: CO 2 Carbon dioxide SF 6 Sulfur hexafluoride N 2 O 4 Dinitrogen tetroxide Binary Covalent Compounds (Type III)

20. Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 20 Exercise What is the name of the compound SeO 2 ? a)selenium oxide b)selenium dioxide c)selenium(II) oxide d)selenium(IV) dioxide

21. Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 21 Flow Chart for Naming Binary Compounds

22. 22 Let’s Practice! Name the following. CaF 2 K2SK2S CoI 2 SnF 2 SnF 4 OF 2 CuI 2 CuI SO 2 SrS LiBr Strontium Sulfide Lithium Bromide Copper ( I ) Iodide or Cuprous Iodide Sulfur dioxide Copper ( II ) Iodide or Cupric Iodide Oxygen diflouride Tin ( IV ) Fluoride or Stannic Fluoride Tin ( II ) Fluoride or Stannous Fluoride Cobalt ( II ) Iodide or Cobaltous Iodide Potassium Sulfide Calcium Flouride

23. Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 23 Polyatomic ions are charged entities composed of several atoms bound together. They have special names and must be memorized.

24. 24 Names of Common Polyatomic Ions (page 101)

25. Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 25 Naming ionic compounds containing polyatomic ions follows rules similar to those for binary compounds.  Ammonium acetate

26. Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 26 NaOHSodium hydroxide Mg(NO 3 ) 2 Magnesium nitrate (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 Ammonium sulfate FePO 4 Iron(III) phosphate Examples

27. Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 27 Overall Strategy for Naming Chemical Compounds

28. Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 28 Exercise What is the name of the compound KClO 3 ? a)potassium chlorite b)potassium chlorate c)potassium perchlorate d)potassium carbonate

29. Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 29 Exercise Examine the following table of formulas and names. Which of the compounds are named correctly? a)I, II b)I, III, IV c)I, IV d)I only FormulaName IP2O5P2O5 Diphosphorus pentoxide IIClO 2 Chlorine oxide IIIPbI 4 Lead iodide IVCuSO 4 Copper(I) sulfate

30. Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 30 Acids can be recognized by the hydrogen that appears first in the formula—HCl. Molecule with one or more H + ions attached to an anion. Acids

31. Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 31 If the anion does not contain oxygen, the acid is named with the prefix hydro– and the suffix –ic attached to the root name for the element. Examples: HClHydrochloric acid HCNHydrocyanic acid H 2 SHydrosulfuric acid Rules for Naming Acids

32. Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 32 Acids That Do Not Contain Oxygen

33. Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 33 If the anion contains oxygen:  The suffix –ic is added to the root name if the anion name ends in –ate. Examples: HNO 3 Nitric acid H 2 SO 4 Sulfuric acid HC 2 H 3 O 2 Acetic acid Rules for Naming Acids

34. Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 34 If the anion contains oxygen:  The suffix –ous is added to the root name if the anion name ends in –ite. Examples: HNO 2 Nitrous acid H 2 SO 3 Sulfurous acid HClO 2 Chlorous acid Rules for Naming Acids

35. Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 35 Some Oxygen-Containing Acids

36. Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 36 Flowchart for Naming Acids

37. Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 37 Exercise Which of the following compounds is named incorrectly? a) KNO 3 potassium nitrate b) TiO 2 titanium(II) oxide c) Sn(OH) 4 tin(IV) hydroxide d) PBr 5 phosphorus pentabromide e) H 2 SO 3 sulfurous acid

38. Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 38 Sodium hydroxide  NaOH Potassium carbonate  K 2 CO 3 Sulfuric acid  H 2 SO 4 Dinitrogen pentoxide N2O5N2O5 Cobalt(III) nitrate  Co(NO 3 ) 3 Examples

39. Copyright © Cengage Learning. All rights reserved 39 Exercise A compound has the formula XCl 3 where X could represent a metal or nonmetal. What could the name of this compound be? a)phosphorus trichloride b)carbon monochloride c)tin(IV) chloride d)magnesium chloride

40. 40 Lets Practice Some More! HF Na 2 CO 3 H 2 CO 3 KMnO 4 HClO 4 H2SH2S NaOH CuSO 4 PbCrO 4 H2OH2O NH 3 Hydrooxic acid (no……just water) Nitrogen trihydride (no..just ammonia) Copper ( II ) sulfate or Cupric sulfate Lead ( II ) chromate or Plubous chromate Sodium hydroxide Hyrdosulfuric acid Perchloric acid Potassium permanganate Sodium carbonate Hydroflouric acid Carbonic acid