1. Welcome to CJ 101!! Kaplan University Professor Chad Rosa Unit 2

2. Kaplan University A few reminders……………………

3. Your Professor – Me Minnesota – southern metro area Over 18 years of criminal justice experience including: private security, state patrol, municipal patrol officer and school resource officer

4. Online Learning at KU KU stands for Kaplan University Each class is 10 weeks long Each week is called a Unit Each unit has several graded items – check the gradebook!!

5. Online Learning at KU Each unit/week starts on Wednesday & ends at 1159 pm EST on Tuesday Each unit/week starts on Wednesday & ends at 1159 pm EST on Tuesday Start your work for each Unit early – DON’T wait until the end of the week to complete your work Start your work for each Unit early – DON’T wait until the end of the week to complete your work

6. Online Learning at KU Want to be successful in my class? Want to be successful in my class? The following are the secrets… The following are the secrets…

7. Reading Each unit has a reading link – which tells you which chapter(s) to read Each unit has a reading link – which tells you which chapter(s) to read Electronic book/chapters in docsharing Electronic book/chapters in docsharing Powerpoints – Powerpoints – Read both Read both Start your work for each Unit early – DON’T wait until the end of the week to complete your work Start your work for each Unit early – DON’T wait until the end of the week to complete your work

8. Discussion Questions Each unit has a discussion board question Always answer the question with at least a 100 word response You must reply to at least 3 other students Your response to other students - Must give good input and thought – not “good post” etc

9. Discussion Questions Your postings must be spread out over 3 days Your postings must be spelled correctly and grammatically correct

10. Quizzes Many units will have a quiz Many units will have a quiz You can always retake a quiz to get a better grade – most recent score is kept You can always retake a quiz to get a better grade – most recent score is kept However, quizzes are only open during the unit, never accepted late However, quizzes are only open during the unit, never accepted late

11. Seminars EASTERN TIME EASTERN TIME No seminar during units 5 or 10 No seminar during units 5 or 10 Participation & quality input Participation & quality input If you miss a seminar – alternate assignment to DocSharing, NOT Dropbox If you miss a seminar – alternate assignment to DocSharing, NOT Dropbox

12. Seminars If you miss a seminar – If you miss a seminar – Review the instructions in the seminar link of each unit. Review the instructions in the seminar link of each unit. To receive credit for the seminar if you are unable to attend, you are required to write a 1 page paper summary on what we covered. To receive credit for the seminar if you are unable to attend, you are required to write a 1 page paper summary on what we covered. Review the seminar archive for additional information. Review the seminar archive for additional information. Submit your assignment using the Doc Sharing tab. Submit your assignment using the Doc Sharing tab. Select the option to send to your instructor only. Select the option to send to your instructor only.

13. More Success Go in to DocSharing and print out my example paper and EXACTLY follow that format Go in to DocSharing and print out my example paper and EXACTLY follow that format MUST write all papers in a Microsoft Word document MUST write all papers in a Microsoft Word document MUST write in Times New Roman size 12 font and double space MUST write in Times New Roman size 12 font and double space Cover/title page, body of text and reference page Cover/title page, body of text and reference page

14. Gradebook Always check your grade book Always check your grade book Click on each individual grade so you can read my comments Click on each individual grade so you can read my comments You can always redo and resubmit any work for a better grade – BUT only within ONE week You can always redo and resubmit any work for a better grade – BUT only within ONE week For example, you receive a low grade on your Unit 2 paper – you have until the end of Unit 3 to resubmit it if you want to For example, you receive a low grade on your Unit 2 paper – you have until the end of Unit 3 to resubmit it if you want to

15. Late Work Late work will only be accepted one week late – for up to full credit Late work will only be accepted one week late – for up to full credit After one week – no credit will be given After one week – no credit will be given

16. Unit 2 The Crime Picture and Criminal Law The law is the foundation of the criminal justice system. In this unit we will examine some of the essential elements required in a criminal prosecution. We will also discuss circumstances involving aggravation, mitigation, and affirmative defenses. This unit familiarizes you with several major sources of crime statistics in the U.S., the National Crime Victimization Survey and the Uniform Crime Report. The law is the foundation of the criminal justice system. In this unit we will examine some of the essential elements required in a criminal prosecution. We will also discuss circumstances involving aggravation, mitigation, and affirmative defenses.

17. Unit 2 The history & nature of the FBI’s UCR/NIBRS Program & explain what it can tell us about crime in the U.S. today The history & nature of the National Crime Victimization Survey Program & explain what it can tell us about crime in the U.S. today The strengths & weaknesses of these crime reports The strengths & weaknesses of these crime reports The nature and purpose of law. The various categories or types of law, and explain the purpose of each.

18. What do I have to do to complete this unit? Read Chapters 2 and 4 Contribute to Discussion Board Attend the Seminar Complete the Quiz

19. Unit 2 What is the definition of crime? Everybody take a shot at it!

20. Unit 2 Conduct that violates criminal law for which there is no legally accepted justification or excuse.

21. Unit 2 The nature of crime is always evolving. Historical developments shape our legal system and our understanding of crime and justice.

22. Unit 2 What is the definition of deviance? Again, everybody take a shot at it!!

23. Unit 2 Deviance is a violation of social norms that specify appropriate or proper behavior under a particular set of circumstances (often includes crime).

24. The Criminal Justice Funnel

25. The Value of Data Data are valuable and can be used to Shape public policy Analyze and evaluate existing programs Create new programs Plan new laws Develop funding requests

26. Unit 2 Where do we find information, data or statistics on crime? Everybody take a shot at it!!

27. Sources of Data Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) Offender self-reports Other regular publications

28. Uniform Crime Reports The reports began in 1930 Data are collected by F.B.I. Approximately 16,000 police agencies provide data Only crimes known to the police are included Law enforcement agencies submit reports voluntarily The UCR contains the Crime Index = compilations of statistics for various crimes

29. UCR: Crime Index The Index is made up of Part I offenses What are the part one offenses??

30. UCR: Crime Index The Index is made up of Part I offenses Violent crime Murder, rape, robbery, assault Property crime Burglary, larceny, motor vehicle theft, arson

31. The FBI Crime Clock

32. Major Crimes UCR Classifications of of Part I Offenses

33. Murder The unlawful killing of a human being by another Includes: All willful and unlawful homicides Nonnegligent manslaughter Excludes: Suicides Deaths caused by accidents or negligence Attempted murders

34. Murder Least likely Part I offense to occur High clearance rate Rates peak during warmer months Most common in southern states People age 20–24 are most at risk Most perpetrators are age 20–24 Weapon most often used: firearms Most often, victim and offender were “acquaintances”

35. Forcible Rape The carnal knowledge of a female forcibly and against her will Includes: Assault or attempt to commit rape by force or threat of force Excludes: Assault if victim is male (for UCR purposes) Statutory rape (without force) Same-sex rapes Other sex offenses

36. Forcible Rape One of the most underreported violent Crimes Think the police won’t be able to catch the suspect Believe that the police will be unsympathetic Want to avoid the embarrassment of publicity Fear reprisal by the rapist Fear additional “victimization” by court proceedings Want to keep family/friends from knowing

37. Robbery The unlawful taking or attempted taking of property that is in the immediate possession of another by force or violence and/or by putting the victim in fear Excludes: Pick pocketing Purse snatching

38. Aggravated Assault The unlawful inflicting of serious injury upon the person of another Includes: Attempted assaults, especially when a deadly weapon is used The possible use of a gun, knife, or other weapon that could result in serious injury Excludes: Simple assaults

39. Burglary The unlawful entry of a structure to commit a felony or theft Types: Forcible entry Unlawful entry without force Attempted forcible entry

40. Larceny - Theft The unlawful taking or attempted taking, carrying, leading, or riding away of property from the possession of another Motor vehicles thefts are excluded Is the most frequently reported crime (yet still greatly underreported)

41. Motor Vehicle Theft The theft or attempted theft of a motor vehicle A “motor vehicle” is a self-propelled vehicle that runs on land and not on rails vehicles thefts are excluded High reporting rates/low clearance rates

42. Motor Vehicle Theft Includes Automobiles Motorcycles Motor scooters Trucks Buses Snowmobiles Excludes Trains Airplanes Bulldozers Most farm equipment Ships Boats Spacecraft

43. Arson The burning or attempted burning of property, with or without the intent to defraud Does not include fires of unknown or suspicious origins Became a Part I offense in 1979

44. Property vs. Person Crime Property Theft Motor Vehicle Theft Burglary Arson Person Murder Forcible Rape Robbery Aggravated Assault

45. Part II Offenses Part II offenses are less serious than Part offenses and include many social order offenses, such as:  Simple assault  Driving under the influence  Prostitution  Vandalism  Receiving stolen property  Fraud  Embezzlement

46. NIBRS: The New UCR National Incident Based Reporting System Incident driven, rather than summary based FBI started this program in 1989 Goals: to enhance and improve crime data collection, analysis, and publication

47. NIBRS: The New UCR Advantages Looks at all crimes More accurate Differentiates between attempt and commission of a crime Collect weapon information Restructures assault and rape

48. National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) Began operation in 1972 Based on victim self-reports Designed to measure the “dark figure” of crime Uses data collected by the Bureau of Justice Statistics More than 50,000 households are surveyed twice per year Includes 6 Part I Crimes (not arson or murder)

49. UCR vs. NCVS How they are the same Both provide crime estimates Both limit types of crimes Both limit how they collect info

50. UCR vs. NCVS How they are different NCVS crimes are reported by victims. May not have been reported to police NCVS looks at household crimes (total crimes per household, not person) NCVS polls more people

51. Crime Typology A classification of crimes along a particular dimension, such as legal categories, offender motivation, victim behavior, or the characteristics of individual offenders

52. Special Categories of Crime Crime against women Crime against the elderly Hate crime Corporate and white-collar crime Organized crime Gun crime Drug crime High-technology and computer crime Terrorism

53. Crimes against women Crimes in which a women is the victim Crimes committed specifically targets women Usually crimes of violence Rape Domestic abuse Stalking

54. Crimes against elderly Crimes committed against elderly people Victim and offender usually strangers Both property and violent crimes Abuse/neglect by caregivers/family Often victims of theft/fraud schemes

55. Hate Crimes Crimes which there is evidence of prejudice bases on race, color, gender, sexual orientation, ethnicity, religion Hate crimes are punished more severely

56. Corporate & White Collar Crime Corporate Violation of statute by a corporate identity (those acting on behalf of a corporation) “crime in the suits” Usually non-violent White Collar Crimes Unlawful activity of members of highly organized group Usually they supply illegal goods and services

57. Gun Crime The 2 nd Amendment provides the Constitutional right to bear arms Approximately 1 million serious crimes committed a year involve the use of handguns Public concern has lead to creation of new laws regarding firearms The Brady Handgun Bill (1994) (waiting period)

58. Drug Crime Drugs and Crime Drug crimes not accounted for by UCR or NCVS Over ½ of inmates admit to being under the influence of drugs/alcohol when they committed their offense Using drugs/alcohol leads to other crimes

59. High Technology & Computer Crime Computer Crime Any crime perpetrated through the use of a computer Software piracy Unauthorized duplication of software and other data Computer virus A computer program designed to secretly invade other systems and alter the information/how they operate

60. Terrorism No single definition In general, defined as: a violent act or an act dangerous to human life committed in violation of criminal laws to intimidate to coerce a government or civilian population

61. The Cost of Crime Crime costs individuals about $17.6 billion dollars a year That doesn’t include time lost from work, medical expenses Commercial costs about $1.2 billion dollars a year State, local and federal expenditures total over $147 billion (investigation- prosecution)

62. What do I have to do to complete this unit? Read Chapters 2 and 4 Contribute to the Discussion Board Attend the Seminar Complete the Quiz Complete everything by Tuesday at 1159pm EST

63. Good Night That is all I have for tonight!! Have a great upcoming week!!