1. U.S. Prepares for WWII Allied Power

2. What were we doing? Neutral Isolationism But: Cash and Carry Act 1939-U.S. sells supplies to Allies but must pay cash and pick up from US ports Lend & Lease 1941-Can borrow ships and supplies and pay later

3. U.S. and Japan before WWII Allied in WWI Allied in WWI Open Trade Open Trade In 1940: Export Control Act: U.S. embargo on Japan stop trading oil, metal, tools, etc. In 1940: Export Control Act: U.S. embargo on Japan stop trading oil, metal, tools, etc.

4. Pearl Harbor Sunday, December 7, 1941 Sunday, December 7, 1941 Surprise attack by Japanese at U.S. Naval Base Pearl Harbor, Hawaii Surprise attack by Japanese at U.S. Naval Base Pearl Harbor, Hawaii Japanese wanted to rid of the U.S. Pacific Fleet so they wouldn’t interfere in Pacific Japanese wanted to rid of the U.S. Pacific Fleet so they wouldn’t interfere in Pacific

5. WAR!!! Congress declares war Dec. 8, 1941 Congress declares war Dec. 8, 1941 “A Day That will Live in Infamy”- F.D.R “A Day That will Live in Infamy”- F.D.R

6. U.S. Strategy Take back North Africa and then go through the weaker underbelly of Europe to knock Italy out of the war Focus on Germany then focus on Japan However we are fighting in all areas!

7. Shift Production Start making war materials Start making war materials Example: Ford makes tanks not cars Example: Ford makes tanks not cars Singer makes guns not sewing machines Singer makes guns not sewing machines

8. Effect on Workers Increase in wages Increase in wages Increase in jobs Increase in jobs Unemployment goes down Unemployment goes down Increase in women workers doing male jobs Increase in women workers doing male jobs Union membership increases Union membership increases

9. What is Rationing? Limit the amount used Limit the amount used Allot a certain amount for a time Allot a certain amount for a time What materials may need to be rationed during wartime? What materials may need to be rationed during wartime?

10. Clothing/Rubber Women’s fashion changes: shorter dresses, sleeves, get the bikini Women’s fashion changes: shorter dresses, sleeves, get the bikini Can’t get nylon stockings (need materials tents, parachutes) Can’t get nylon stockings (need materials tents, parachutes) Men no longer wear vests with suits, collarless & cuffless shirts Men no longer wear vests with suits, collarless & cuffless shirts Need rubber for tires and tough to get from Asia so ration shoes Need rubber for tires and tough to get from Asia so ration shoes

11. Metal/Furniture Need for bullets, tanks, etc Need for bullets, tanks, etc Money changes- pennies are no longer copper so use tin with a copper covering Money changes- pennies are no longer copper so use tin with a copper covering Wood needed so ration furniture is newly married or had a new baby Wood needed so ration furniture is newly married or had a new baby

12. Gasoline Problem getting it from Middle East, etc. Problem getting it from Middle East, etc. If drive car you use gas and wear tires If drive car you use gas and wear tires People encouraged to carpool and use public transportation People encouraged to carpool and use public transportation Get a gas sticker with a letter Get a gas sticker with a letter Doctors, priests, military and government workers get more Doctors, priests, military and government workers get more

13. Foods Sugar rationed first Sugar rationed first Red Meat- chicken and seafood not rationed but hard to find because now in high demand Red Meat- chicken and seafood not rationed but hard to find because now in high demand Fats-dairy products, cheese, butter, eggs, oil, etc Fats-dairy products, cheese, butter, eggs, oil, etc Canned items Canned items Fresh vegetables not rationed-Victory Gardens Fresh vegetables not rationed-Victory Gardens

14. How do you control it? Office of Price Administration (OPA): Office of Price Administration (OPA): A. Ration coupons B. Price Ceilings to stop inflation and stop prices from going too high on certain items

15. Coupon Books Each month received a booklet Each month received a booklet As time went on they changed to tokens As time went on they changed to tokens -Red for meat /fats -Blue for canned/prepared items

16. Raising Money Increase Taxes Increase Taxes Liberty Bonds Liberty Bonds Victory Bonds Victory Bonds

17. What can the Homefront do? Buy Bonds Buy Bonds Plant Victory Gardens Plant Victory Gardens Ration Ration Scrap Metal and Fats Collection Scrap Metal and Fats Collection Limit driving Limit driving

18. Conversion Help 1 stick butter=8 tablespoons -4 sticks in a pound=each stick 4 pts ~12-16 oz in can of coffee 128 ounces/16 cups/8 pints/4 quarts=1 gallon 8 oz=1 cup 16 oz=2 cups=1 lb ½ lb=8 oz Canned fruit/jelly/etc use peaches Canned veggies use carrots Tomato sauce use ketchup Bread/rice/cereal/pasta use 4 pts per box/lb Milk/eggs use cheese Sweets/Sugar use peaches Coffee/Tea use margarine Bottle of soda use pineapple juice