1. Democracy and Greece’s Golden Age
Chapter 5 -3
Democracy and Greece’s Golden Age

2. What is democracy?

3. Age of Pericles
After the victory against the Persians, Athenians and othercity-states form an alliance known as the Delian League
Athens creates an empire by controlling the Delian League
II. Pericles is the main figure of politics in Athens from B.C.
This time is known as the Age of Pericles
III. Democracy and culture thrive during this golden age of Greece
Direct democracy is practiced at this time
People participating in voting through mass meetings

4. Age of Pericle’s
Only men that were citizens of Athens could participate
All who attended the assemblies could speak.
Pericles makes lower classes citizens eligible for public office
Ostracism is developed to protect against ambitious leaders
Athens is rebuilt as architecture, and philosophy flourish.

5. Art and Architecture
Glorifying Athens Pericles also used money from the Delian League to beautify Athens.
Without the league’s approval, he persuaded the Athenian assembly to vote huge sums of the league’s money to buy gold, ivory, and marble.
Still more money went to pay the artists, architects, and workers who used these materials.

6. Art and Architecture
The Parthenon, a masterpiece of architectural design and craftsmanship, was not unique in style.
Rather, Greek architects constructed the 23,000-square-foot building in the traditional style that had been used to create Greek temples for 200 years.

7. The Great Peloponnesian War
III. Begins in 431 B.C.
Cultures are simply too different to get along
Sparta attacks and Athens goes on the defensive behind their walls rather than fighting in the open
In 430 B.C. a plague breaks out in Athens, killing a third of the people
Pericles dies the following year
Athens and Sparta fight for another 25 years in various battles throughout Greece
Eventually in 404 B.C. the Spartans defeat the Athenians in a naval battle
Both states are dramatically weakened from the long war
1. They also ignore a growing presence in Macedonia which will ultimately cost both city-states

8. Please study the map…

9. Culture – Religion a. Greeks believed in many gods and goddesses
B. The most important are the 12 gods
Zeus
Athena
Aphrodite
Apollo
Poseidon
Hermes
Hera
Ares
Artemis
Hades
Demeter
Dionysus
Greek religion was not about morality but about understanding the world.

10. Culture Oracles Greeks wanted to know the will of the gods
The consulted shrine, and priests would interpret the future through consultation with dates
Several different interpretations could be made
They had lots of ceremonies and festivals dedicated to the gods. They felt that they needed to keep the gods pleased with them.
One of the most famous Olympics 776BC.

11. Culture

12. Philosophy
Philosophy - Love of wisdom and organized system of rational thought
Sophists –
Thought it was beyond humans to understand the universe
Important for individuals to improve themselves
There was no right or wrong- only what is right for a person

13. Philosophy Socrates Left no writings
Believed the goal of education is to improve the soul
His Socratic method is still used today helps lead students to ask question to help them learn for themselves.
Socrates questioned authority and eventually was accused of treason

14. Philosophy Plato Student of Socrates
Material objects appear in the world they are shadows of universal form
Believed that men and women should have equal rights
Aristotle
Pupil of Plato
He does not believe in a world of ideals
He is more observation and investigation
Wrote about biology and poetry
Felt that a constitutional government was the best form

15. Please research the following Philosophers and fill in the time, Beliefs and impact.