1. Doubling the National Domain Ch. 7 pg. 200

2. Jefferson and Napoleon 0 After failing to seize India Napoleon wanted power in New World. 0 Spain held areas west of Mississippi, 0 1800 Treaty of San Ildefonso granted French this Louisiana. 0 Also held sugar-rich West Indian islands Guadeloupe, Martinique, Santo Domingo (where slave revolt led by Toussaint L’ouverture put down) 0 Jefferson unaware of Napoleon’s imperial agenda, 0 pursued pro-French foreign policy- 0 apptd pro-French Robert Livingston minister, 0 secured Franco-American settlement of 1800, disapproved of black Santo Domingo uprising 0 Reconsidered position when heard of secret transfer of Louisiana and seizure of New Orleans, 0 alarmed in 1802 when Spanish intendant at New Orleans forbade transfer of American cargo to ocean going vessels (which was guaranteed in Pinckney Treaty of 1795)- this closed lower Miss. to US shippers 0 Westerners demanded govt reopen river, 0 Jefferson ordered Livingston negotiate purchase of New Orleans, 0 in meantime expanded military and river fleet to give impression of New Orleans attack 0 Nap offered sale of whole Louisiana Territory. Plans for American empire awry b/c army decimated by yellow fever, reinforcements frozen

3. The Louisiana Purchase 0 Livingston and James Monroe in Paris decided to proceed with sale of whole territory even though not authorized to do so by govt, 0 treaty signed April 1803 0 US paid $15 million to France, had to incorporate N.O. residents into Union 0 Jefferson unsure US had authority to accept offer b/c power not specifically granted in Constitution, 0 ultimately agreed constituted as treaty power. 0 December 1803 territory handed over from Spain to France then US 0 Govt organized Louisiana territory like Northwest territory w/ various territories to eventually to become states- 0 Louisiana first, admitted 1812

4. Lewis and Clark Explore the West 0 Jefferson planned expedition across continent to Pacific Ocean in 1803 to gather geographical fats and investigate trade w/ Indians 0 Lewis and Clark set out 1804 from Mississippi R. in St Louis w/ Indian Sacajawea as guide, reached pacific fall 1805 0 Jefferson dispatched other explorers to other parts of Louisiana Territory, Lieutenant Zebulon Pike led two expeditions btwn Mississippi and Rocky Mts

5. The Burr Conspiracy 0 Reelection of 1804 suggested nation approved of Jefferson’s acquisitions, 0 but some NE Federalists known as Essex Junto felt expansion weakened power of Federalists + region. 0 Felt only answer secession and “Northern Confederacy” 0 Plan required support of NY, NJ, New England, but leading NY Federalist Alexander Hamilton refused support 0 Turned to Vice President Aaron Burr (who had no prospect in own party after 1800 election deadlock) to be Federalist candidate for NY governor in 1804 0 Hamilton accused Burr of treason and negative remarks about character, 0 when Burr lost election blamed defeat on Hamilton’s malevolence 0 Burr challenged Hamilton to a duel 1804, Hamilton mortally wounded 0 Burr, now political outcast, fled NY for West and along with General James Wilkinson, governor of Louisiana Territory, planned capture of Mexico from Spanish and possibly make his own empire. 0 1806 tried for treason, acquitted 0 “Conspiracy” showed perils of central govt that remained deliberately weak w/ vast tracts of nominally controlled land, state of US as stable and united nation