1. © Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc., 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material without written permission. This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook. Motor Learning and Skill Acquisition Westdale PE PSK4U

2. © Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc., 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material without written permission. This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook. Basic Principles of Motor Learning and Skill Acquisition More we perform skill the better we get at it Ability to master increasingly difficult skills increases as we grow and develop Motor Learning  Process by which a person develops, via a combination of physical and psychological factors  The ability to perform a task Root of any motor activity lies in the co-operation between the sensory, nervous and muscular systems

3. © Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc., 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material without written permission. This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook. Stages of Motor Learning Cognitive Stage  Come to basic understanding of task; learner commits relatively large errors and may need specific instruction on how to improve Associative Stage  Learners begin to refine skill; develop some awareness of mistakes being made; becomes more consistent Autonomous Stage  Skill becomes “automatic”; do not spend much time thinking about basic fundamentals; aware of mistakes and how to correct them

4. © Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc., 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material without written permission. This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook. Factors Affecting Skill Development Reasons for errors and faults in skills  Incorrect understanding of movement  Poor physical abilities  Poor coordination of movement  Incorrect application of power  Lack of concentration  Inappropriate equipment, clothing or footwear  External factors (weather, distractions, etc.)  Fatigue

5. © Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc., 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material without written permission. This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook. Newell’s Model: Constraints Affecting Skill Development Lecture Task 1: With the help of page 310-311, briefly list and describe how Newell separates these factors.

6. © Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc., 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material without written permission. This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook. Types of Feedback from a coach: Knowledge of Results Feedback Also called KR feedback Comes from simply seeing the final outcome of an action E.g., working on golf swing can get KR feedback by how far ball traveled after each shot Track and field results are another example of KR Usually quantitative

7. © Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc., 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material without written permission. This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook. Knowledge of Performance Feedback Also called KP feedback or kinematic feedback Emphasis not on outcome of activity but rather on how body performed during activity E.g., golf shot practice would not be concerned with where ball lands but with the actual swing Input of outside observer critical in KP feedback Video recording also helpful Sport Announcers usually comment on KP

8. © Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc., 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material without written permission. This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook. Transferability Learned skills from one sport or activity can often be applied, or transferred to a different sport Can you think of transferable skills between these sports? * tennis and volleyball * basketball and baseball * hockey and golf ( remember...find transferable skills, not transferable principles)

9. © Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc., 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material without written permission. This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook. Classifying Skills Open  Performed in an unpredictable environment  Requires participants to adapt their movements to changing nature of environment  Sport skills vary depending on the situation Closed  Predictable environment  Permits participants to plan movements in advance  Sport skill is often a repetitive movement Skills can also be chained or shaped. Chained skills are taught in order using the 5-steps discussed last unit, whereas shaped is when the whole skill is performed and faults are corrected after the athlete performs the whole skill.

10. © Thompson Educational Publishing, Inc., 2003. All material is copyright protected. It is illegal to copy any of this material without written permission. This material may be used only in a course of study in which Exercise Science: An Introduction to Health and Physical Education (Temertzoglou/Challen) is the required textbook. Adapting a sport skill Lecture Task 2: Let’s examine this idea of shaping a skill and chaining a skill even further. When would you use these as a coach? Why? Think about past concepts like periodization, stages of learning in your answer.