1. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu How to Use This Presentation To View the presentation as a slideshow with effects select “View” on the menu bar and click on “Slide Show.” To advance through the presentation, click the right-arrow key or the space bar. From the resources slide, click on any resource to see a presentation for that resource. From the Chapter menu screen click on any lesson to go directly to that lesson’s presentation. You may exit the slide show at any time by pressing the Esc key.

2. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter Presentation Transparencies Image and Math Focus Bank Bellringers Standardized Test Prep Visual Concepts Resources

3. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu The Properties of Matter Section 1 What Is Matter? Section 2 Physical Properties Section 3 Chemical Properties Chapter K1 Table of Contents

4. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 What Is Matter? Bellringer What do you think some of the ingredients or components are for the following items: a loaf of bread, a textbook, and a bicycle. Write your response in your science journal. Chapter K1

5. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 What Is Matter? Describe the two properties of all matter. Identify the units used to measure volume and mass. Compare mass and weight. Explain the relationship between mass and inertia. Objectives Chapter K1

6. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 What Is Matter? Matter What Is Matter? Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. Matter in the Universe Everything in the universe that you can see is made up of some type of matter. Chapter K1

7. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 What Is Matter? Matter Click below to watch the Visual Concept. You may stop the video at any time by pressing the Esc key. Visual Concept Chapter K1

8. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 What Is Matter? Matter and Volume Liquid Volume Liters (L) and milliliters (mL) are the units used most often to express the volume of liquids. Measuring the Volume of Liquids The next slide shows how to measure the volume of liquids. Chapter K1

9. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 What Is Matter? Measuring the Volume of Liquids Click below to watch the Visual Concept. You may stop the video at any time by pressing the Esc key. Visual Concept Chapter K1

10. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 What Is Matter? Matter and Volume, continued Volume of a Regularly Shaped Solid Object To find the volume of a regularly shaped solid object use the following equation: Volume = length  width  height Volume of an Irregularly Shaped Solid Object You can find the volume of an irregularly shaped object by measuring the volume of water that the object displaces. Chapter K1

11. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 What Is Matter? Chapter K1

12. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 What Is Matter? Matter and Mass The Difference Between Mass and Weight Weight is the measure of the gravitational force exerted on an object. The more mass an object has, the greater the gravitational force on the object and the greater the object’s weight. Measuring Mass and Weight The SI unit of mass is the kilogram (kg). Weight is a measure of gravitational force and is expressed in the SI unit of force, the newton (N). Chapter K1

13. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 What Is Matter? Chapter K1

14. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 1 What Is Matter? Inertia What Is Inertia? Inertia is the tendency of an object to resist a change in motion. Mass: The Measure of Inertia An object that has a large mass is harder to move and harder to stop than an object that has less mass. The reason is that the object with the large mass has greater inertia. Chapter K1

15. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 Physical Properties Bellringer If you were asked to describe an orange to someone who had never seen an orange, what would you tell the person? Write your response in your science journal. Chapter K1

16. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 Physical Properties Identify six examples of physical properties of matter. Describe how density is used to identify substances. List six examples of physical changes. Explain what happens to matter during a physical change. Objectives Chapter K1

17. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 Physical Properties Physical Properties What Are Physical Properties? A physical property of matter can be observed or measured without changing the matter’s identity. Chapter K1

18. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 Physical Properties Chapter K1

19. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 Physical Properties Physical Properties, continued Identifying Matter You use physical properties to identify matter. Density Density is the amount of matter in a given space, or volume. The two balls below have different densities. Chapter K1

20. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 Physical Properties Physical Properties, continued Liquid Layers The graduated cylinder below contains six liquids. Each liquid is a different density so the liquids form layers. Density of Solids Knowing the density of a substance can also tell you what kind of substance it is. Chapter K1

21. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 Physical Properties Physical Properties, continued Solving for Density To find an objects density (D), first measure its mass (m) and volume (V). Then use the following equation: D = m/V Chapter K1

22. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 Physical Properties Physical Properties, continued Using Density to Identify Substances Look at the table below to compare densities of several common substances. Chapter K1

23. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 Physical Properties Chapter K1

24. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 Physical Properties Physical Changes Do Not Form New Substances Examples of Physical Changes Some examples of physical changes are shown below. Chapter K1

25. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 Physical Properties Physical Changes Do Not Form New Substances, continued Matter and Physical Changes Physical changes do not change the identity of the matter involved. Chapter K1

26. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 3 Chemical Properties Bellringer Look at the picture of the car on the next slide. Describe where you have seen other examples of rusting. Write your response in your science journal. Chapter K1

27. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 3 Chemical Properties Chapter K1

28. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 3 Chemical Properties Describe two examples of chemical properties. Explain what happens during a chemical change. Distinguish between physical and chemical changes. Objectives Chapter K1

29. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 3 Chemical Properties Chemical Properties Comparing Physical and Chemical Properties You can observe physical properties without changing the identity of the substance. Chemicals properties are more difficult to observe. Characteristic Properties The properties that are most useful in identifying a substance are characteristic properties. Chapter K1

30. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 3 Chemical Properties Comparing Physical and Chemical Properties Click below to watch the Visual Concept. You may stop the video at any time by pressing the Esc key. Visual Concept Chapter K1

31. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 3 Chemical Properties Chemical Changes and New Substances What Happens During a Chemical Change? During a chemical change a substance changes chemical properties. Signs of Chemical Changes Some common signs of chemical changes includes a change in color, odor, production of heat, fizzing, and so on. Matter and Chemical Changes Chemical changes change the identity of the matter involved. Chapter K1

32. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 3 Chemical Properties Chapter K1

33. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 3 Chemical Properties Physical Versus Chemical Changes A Change in Composition Physical changes do not change the composition of a substance while chemical changes do. Reversing Changes Many physical changes are easily reversed, but most chemical changes cannot easily be reversed. Chapter K1

34. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Click below to watch the Visual Concept. You may stop the video at any time by pressing the Esc key. Section 3 Chemical Properties Comparing Physical and Chemical Changes Visual Concept Chapter K1

35. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu The Properties of Matter Concept Map Use the terms below to complete the concept map on the next slide. matter mass motion volume milliliters cubic centimeters weight gravity Chapter K1

36. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu The Properties of Matter Chapter K1

37. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu The Properties of Matter Chapter K1

38. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu End of Chapter K1 Show

39. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Reading Read each of the passages. Then, answer the questions that follow each passage. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter K1

40. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Passage 1 Astronomers were studying the motions of galaxies in space when they noticed something odd. They thought that the large gravitational force, which causes the galaxies to rotate rapidly, was due to a large amount of mass in the galaxies. Then, they discovered that the mass of the galaxies was not great enough to explain this large gravitational force. So, what was causing the additional gravitational force? One theory is that the universe contains matter that we cannot see with our eyes or our telescopes. Astronomers call this invisible matter dark matter. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter K1

41. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu 1. According to this passage, what did astronomers originally think caused the rotation of the galaxies? A a lack of inertia B a large gravitational force C a small amount of mass in the galaxies D a small gravitational force Standardized Test Preparation Chapter K1

42. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu 1. According to this passage, what did astronomers originally think caused the rotation of the galaxies? A a lack of inertia B a large gravitational force C a small amount of mass in the galaxies D a small gravitational force Standardized Test Preparation Chapter K1

43. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu 2. Why do you think astronomers use the term dark matter? F Dark matter refers to dark objects. G Dark matter refers to matter that we can’t see. H You need a telescope to see dark matter. I All large objects are dark. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter K1

44. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu 2. Why do you think astronomers use the term dark matter? F Dark matter refers to dark objects. G Dark matter refers to matter that we can’t see. H You need a telescope to see dark matter. I All large objects are dark. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter K1

45. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu 3. Which statement is the best summary of the passage? A The enormous amount of mass in the galaxies explains why the galaxies rotate. B Dark matter may be responsible for the gravitational force that causes the rotation of galaxies. C Invisible matter is called dark matter. D Galaxies rotate as they move through the universe. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter K1

46. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu 3. Which statement is the best summary of the passage? A The enormous amount of mass in the galaxies explains why the galaxies rotate. B Dark matter may be responsible for the gravitational force that causes the rotation of galaxies. C Invisible matter is called dark matter. D Galaxies rotate as they move through the universe. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter K1

47. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Passage 2 Blimps and dirigibles are types of airships. An airship consists of an engine, a large balloon that contains gas, and a gondola that carries passengers and crew. Airships float in air because the gases that the airships contain are less dense than air. In the early 1900s, airships were commonly used for travel, including transatlantic flights. Airships were less frequently used after the 1937 explosion and crash of the Hindenburg in New Jersey. The Hindenburg was filled with flammable hydrogen gas instead of helium gas, which is nonflammable. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter K1

48. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu 1. In this passage, what does flammable mean? A able to burn B able to float C able to sink D not able to burn Standardized Test Preparation Chapter K1

49. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu 1. In this passage, what does flammable mean? A able to burn B able to float C able to sink D not able to burn Standardized Test Preparation Chapter K1

50. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu 2. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? F Hydrogen gas is nonflammable. G Airships float because they contain gases that are less dense than air. H Helium gas was used in the Hindenburg. I The gondola contains gas. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter K1

51. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu 2. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? F Hydrogen gas is nonflammable. G Airships float because they contain gases that are less dense than air. H Helium gas was used in the Hindenburg. I The gondola contains gas. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter K1

52. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu 3. Which of the following statements about airships is true? A Airships are still a major mode of transportation. B Airships now contain nonflammable, hydrogen gas. C Airships consist of an engine, a gondola, and a large balloon. D Airships traveled only in the United States. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter K1

53. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu 3. Which of the following statements about airships is true? A Airships are still a major mode of transportation. B Airships now contain nonflammable, hydrogen gas. C Airships consist of an engine, a gondola, and a large balloon. D Airships traveled only in the United States. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter K1

54. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Interpreting Graphics The table below shows the properties of different substances. Use the table below to answer the questions that follow. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter K1

55. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu 1. What could you use to tell pyrite (fool’s gold) and gold apart? A volume B density C mass D state Standardized Test Preparation Chapter K1

56. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu 1. What could you use to tell pyrite (fool’s gold) and gold apart? A volume B density C mass D state Standardized Test Preparation Chapter K1

57. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu 2. What do you think would happen if you placed a nugget of pyrite into a beaker of mercury? F The pyrite would sink. G The pyrite would dissolve. H The mercury and the pyrite would react. I The pyrite would float. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter K1

58. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu 2. What do you think would happen if you placed a nugget of pyrite into a beaker of mercury? F The pyrite would sink. G The pyrite would dissolve. H The mercury and the pyrite would react. I The pyrite would float. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter K1

59. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu 3. If a nugget of pyrite and a nugget of gold each have a mass of 50 g, what can you conclude about the volume of each nugget? A The volume of pyrite is greater than the volume of gold. B The volume of pyrite is less than the volume of gold. C The volumes of the substances are equal. D There is not enough information to determine the answer. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter K1

60. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu 3. If a nugget of pyrite and a nugget of gold each have a mass of 50 g, what can you conclude about the volume of each nugget? A The volume of pyrite is greater than the volume of gold. B The volume of pyrite is less than the volume of gold. C The volumes of the substances are equal. D There is not enough information to determine the answer. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter K1

61. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu 4. Which substance has the lowest density? F helium G pyrite H mercury I gold Standardized Test Preparation Chapter K1

62. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu 4. Which substance has the lowest density? F helium G pyrite H mercury I gold Standardized Test Preparation Chapter K1

63. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Math Read each question, and choose the best answer. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter K1

64. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu 1. Imagine that you have discovered a new element, and you want to find its density. It has a mass of 78.8 g and a volume of 8 cm3. To find the density of the element, you must divide the element’s mass by its volume. What is the density of the element? A 0.102 g/cm 3 B 0.98 g/cm 3 C 9.85 g/cm 3 D 630.4 g/cm 3 Standardized Test Preparation Chapter K1

65. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu 1. Imagine that you have discovered a new element, and you want to find its density. It has a mass of 78.8 g and a volume of 8 cm3. To find the density of the element, you must divide the element’s mass by its volume. What is the density of the element? A 0.102 g/cm 3 B 0.98 g/cm 3 C 9.85 g/cm 3 D 630.4 g/cm 3 Standardized Test Preparation Chapter K1

66. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu 2. Many soft drinks come in bottles that contain about 590 mL. If the density of a soft drink is 1.05 g/mL, what is the mass of the drink? F 0.0018 g G 498.2 g H 561.9 g I 619.5 g Standardized Test Preparation Chapter K1

67. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu 2. Many soft drinks come in bottles that contain about 590 mL. If the density of a soft drink is 1.05 g/mL, what is the mass of the drink? F 0.0018 g G 498.2 g H 561.9 g I 619.5 g Standardized Test Preparation Chapter K1

68. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu 3. If you have 150 g of pure gold and the density of gold is 19.32 g/cm 3, what is the volume of your gold nugget? A 2.898 cm 3 B 7.76 cm 3 C 0.98 cm 3 D 0.13 cm 3 Standardized Test Preparation Chapter K1

69. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu 3. If you have 150 g of pure gold and the density of gold is 19.32 g/cm 3, what is the volume of your gold nugget? A 2.898 cm 3 B 7.76 cm 3 C 0.98 cm 3 D 0.13 cm 3 Standardized Test Preparation Chapter K1

70. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu 4. Three objects have a mass of 16 g each. But their volumes differ. Object A, a liquid, has a volume of 1.2 mL. Object B, a solid, has a volume of 3.2 cm 3. Object C, another solid, has a volume of 1.9 cm 3. Which object is the least dense? F object A G object B H object C I There is not enough information to determine the answer. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter K1

71. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu 4. Three objects have a mass of 16 g each. But their volumes differ. Object A, a liquid, has a volume of 1.2 mL. Object B, a solid, has a volume of 3.2 cm 3. Object C, another solid, has a volume of 1.9 cm 3. Which object is the least dense? F object A G object B H object C I There is not enough information to determine the answer. Standardized Test Preparation Chapter K1

72. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 Physical Properties Chapter K1

73. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 Physical Properties Chapter K1

74. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 Physical Properties Chapter K1

75. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 Physical Properties Chapter K1