1. Computers How they work and what we can do with them

2. Why Use Computers?  What do we use computers for each day?

3. Computer Definition  Any electronic machine that stores, processes and retrieves information.  One of the most useful and widespread technology tools.  Computers have different capabilities  Some are slower/faster, smaller/larger

4. Computer Units UnitNumber of Bytes Kilobyte (KB)1,024 Megabyte (MB)1,024,000 Gigabyte (GB)1,024,000,000 Terabyte (TB)1,024,000,000,000 Used to determine file size or storage capacity

5. Types of Computers  Microcomputers: extremely small, built into electronics (games, ATMs, cars, phones)  Personal Computer (PC): general purpose, single user computer.  Mainframe Computer: Large computer used by organizations with many computers that work with large amounts of data.  Supercomputer: Fastest and largest used today. Used for research and analyzing huge amounts of data – trillions per second (weather forecasting, climate research, oil exploration, quantum mechanics, etc.)

7. What runs a computer?  The operating system tells your computer what to do. It coordinates communication between programs, hardware, and other applications.  Examples:  Windows 7 – what we use here at school  OS X Lion (for MAC)

8. 4 Functions of Computers InputProcessingOutputStorage

9. Input  Everything we tell the computer  Data or facts  Commands (“open”, “save”)  Responses (answers to computer’s questions “Are you sure you want to delete this document?”)  Input devices: keyboard, scanner, CD’s, webcam, numeric keypad, etc.)

10. Processing  The thinking a computer does (calculations, comparisons, decisions)  All computers have CPUs (Central Processing Units)  CPU = brains of the computer, small microchip that gets extremely hot which is why the computers have fans inside

11. Output  Data that is processed into useful form, now called information (printed papers, information displayed on screen, power points, charts, videos, etc.)

12. Storage  Ways computers keep information so it’s available for future use  On the hard drive  RAM (Random Access Memory) The more RAM a computer has, the more storage space it has You can also store information on external sources like a flash drive (jump drive, thumb drive) or CD-ROM. We can also save on the network J drive.

13. How your computer thinks

14. Computer Parts

15. CPU

16. Computer Parts

17. Hardware vs. Software  Hardware is the physical components of the computer (processor, memory, monitor, etc.)  Software tells a computer what to do  2 Types:  Operating System (Windows 7)  Application Program (Word, Power Point, games)

18. Computer Virus  A software program that attaches itself to other programs  Alter or delete files  Consume computer memory  NEVER go on the internet without having updated antivirus software installed on your computer.

19. Computer Virus

20. Internet  A worldwide network of millions of private, public, academic, business, and government networks  Began in late 1960s by the Pentagon  WWW = World Wide Web

21. How the Internet works

22. Social Networking

23.  1.49 billion monthly active Facebook users (2015)  968 million daily users (2015)  83% of those users live outside the U.S. (2015)  Social networking is the most rapidly growing area of the internet Obsessed with Facebook

24.  316 million monthly active users (2015)  100 million active daily users (2015)  40% of users only follow others, don’t tweet Twitter is Gaining

25.  We are moving towards cloud computing  Computers may become nothing more than an internet portal  More online sharing, collaboration, and creating The Future?

26. Evolution of Computers  3000 B.C. Abacus is invented in Babylonia  600 A.D. Arabic numbers and the concept of zero are invented in India

27. Evolution of Computers  1623 Wilhelm Schickard builds first mechanical calculator  1844 Samuel Morse sends first telegraph message from Washington to Baltimore

28. Evolution of Computers  1895 Guglielmo Marconi transmits first radio signal  1927 First demonstration of television in the United States  1939 prototype of an electronic digital computer is built

29. Evolution of Computers  1947 Bell labs develops the first transistor (fundamental building block of modern electronics)  1953 The IBM 650 becomes the first mass produced computer (filled an entire room)  1960 First computer with keyboard and monitor input (mouse invented in 1964)

30. Evolution of Computers  1973 The “office computer” is developed by Alan Kay  1977 Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak build Apple II and establish benchmark for personal computers

31. Evolution of Computers  1977 Bill Gates and Paul Allen found Microsoft  1983 Creation of the global internet  1984 CD-ROM developed  2010 76.7% of households have a computer

32. Evolution of Computers  1993 internet carries 1% of information flowing through two-way telecommunication  2000: 51%  2007: 97%  2004 Facebook launched  2008 Laptops out sell desktops