1. An overview of nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs

2.   Nouns are generally the names of:  Things – tables, chair, car, violin  Persons – mother, teacher, farmer, friend  Places - Church, school, Pomona, the hospital, Mexico  Abstract notions – marriage, information, kindness, research, luck  The Noun Test (The) seem(s) important/prevalent/good. Ex 1 : The brownies seem good. Ex 2 : I am very excited. I seem important/good. Nouns: What are they?

3.   There are three types of nouns:  Common – a person, place, thing or abstract notion  count nouns – these nouns can be plural  noncount nouns – these can not be plural  Proper – names for unique individuals or places  Collective – includes words that can be seen as a group or collection of individuals. Nouns: Types

4.   Common Nouns are:  All nouns that are not proper nouns.  Examples: Dog, coffee, hat, month, happiness, food, sleep  Usually take articles (a, an, the)  The dog ate my homework.  We bought a car.  Henry went to an amusement park.  We have some rabbits on campus. Nouns: Common

5.   Count nouns are nouns that “you can count.”  They have a singular and plural form.  Singular – one dog, one car  Plural – Two dogs, three dogs; two cars, three cars Nouns: Count (common)

6.   Noncount nouns – nouns that you cannot count  They do not typically have a plural form.  *We bought some furnitures for our apartment.  *My uncle gave me good advices before I left.  *I don’t like sands in my shoes.  *I have many homeworks to do. Nouns: noncount (common) *For more information, visit here: Noncount Noun ReviewNoncount Noun Review

7.   Proper nouns are actual names of people or places.  These are capitalized in English.  Examples: Los Angeles, Oregon, Magic Mountain, Starbucks, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona  Usually do not have articles (a, an, the)  *An Adriana was Nancy’s roommate in college.  *Next week, we are going to the Magic Mountain.  *The Michael Jackson was a famous singer. Nouns: Proper

8.   Collective nouns are words that refer to groups.  The team lost its game.  The family is coming over for dinner.  Are the following nouns noncount or collective ? Flock Air Dozen Education SunshineArmy HomeworkWater AudiencePack Nouns: Collective

9.  Subject Pronoun Object Pronoun Possessive Pronouns SingularI you she, he, it me you her, him, it mine yours hers, his, its Pluralwe you they us you them ours yours theirs Pronouns A pronoun is used in place of a noun. A singular pronoun is used to refer to a singular noun. A plural pronoun is used to refer to a plural noun. Subject pronouns are used as the subjects of sentences. Object pronouns are used as the objects of verbs or prepositions.

10.   Express the action or state of being in a sentence and take inflectional endings.  Endings  3 rd person singular –s (He walks home.)  Past tense –ed(He walked home.)  Present participle –ing (walking, working)  Past participle –en (worked, walked, eaten, seen, swum) Verbs

11.   Verbs follow nouns and may be followed by adverbs.  The flying saucers approached slowly. Noun Verb Adv.  The authorities proceeded cautiously. Noun Verb Adv.  Functionally, adding a verb to a noun completes a sentence.  Pauline snores.  He smokes. Verbs

12.  1 st person singular = (I) amwas 2 nd person singular = (You) arewere 3 rd person singular = (He/she/it) iswas 1 st person plural = (We) arewere 3 rd person plural = (They) arewere Forms of the verb BE

13.   These describe or give the qualities of a noun.  There is no limit to how many you may have in a sentence.  Some common forms include:  -able (likeable, sizeable)  -ish (childish, selfish, brutish)  -ful (thoughtful, frightful, beautiful)  -y (lazy, crazy, funny) Adjectives, I

14.  The ______ man/dog/suggestion seems very ____________.  The mean dog seems very mean.  The handsome man seems very handsome.  The dumb suggestion seems very dumb. The Adjective Test

15.   There are two endings that may be added to adjectives.  Comparative – used to compare qualities of nouns.  Ending: -er  John is smart, but Mary is smarter.  My car is faster than your car.  Superlative – used to indicate that something is considered the best of its kind.  Ending: -est  John is smart, but Mary is smarter. Jose, however, is the smartest of them all. Adjectives, II

16.   Adverbs modify verbs and contribute various meaning to a sentence.  Most (not all) common adverbs end with –ly  Common adverbs include:  Direction: Jim pointed there/up/right.  Location:Isabel shops locally/frequently/carelessly.  Manner: The choir sang joyfully/horribly/loudly.  Time: Rachel will retire soon/eventually/later. Adverbs