1. By R. Jayakumar & R. O. Nanthini

3. “If you steal from one author, it’s plagiarism; if you steal from many, it’s research.” - Wilson Mizner

4.  An issue of growing concern  Accidental plagiarism  Deliberate plagiarism  Unintentional plagiarism

5.  a growing concern in the Indian context  An act of crime – copyright issues  Plagiarius - literary thief  First time researchers in India are not aware of plagiarism

6.  Word by word copying without using a double quotes “” along with a reference  Paraphrasing the text in the author’s own language  Any information not of common knowledge  Using others ideas brought up in general conversations  Copying from a friend from a similar assignment  Using someone to edit the paper  Use of translation services  Getting help from a person to finish a paper or by paying them or translating an entire web material (University of Pittsburgh n.d.)

7.  Word by word copying of text Eg. According to Harris (2012), the main reason for plagiarism is “the availability of textual material in electronic format. Copying and pasting of paragraphs or even entire essays now can be performed with just a few mouse clicks”  Paraphrased text Eg. According to Harris (2012), plagiarism concerns have increased due to the prevalence of electronic contents to an increased extent. It is easier to copy/paste the information rather than rewriting them.

8.  New information Eg. Apple is a fruit. Scientific literature is plagued by duplicate publications. According to Singh (2010), “Scientific literature is plagued by duplicate publications.”  Any editors or translators who helped should be thanked and acknowledged mentioning their name.  Any software or online translation service used should be mentioned in the article as a source.

9.  The APA citation style formulated by the American Psychological Association  The MLA citation style developed by the Modern Language Association  Chicago Manual developed by the Chicago University

10. How to identify related literature that would be useful for the article? How to identify the bibliographic details of different types of sources? What is plagiarism, and examples of it. The ways to avoid plagiarism, by showing how to do proper referencing for every source. How to paraphrase sentences from the source and how to reproduce it properly with necessary attribution. The different citation styles available and the difference between them. How to create citation and references for the article by showing a proper demo.