1. 3.1: The First English Colonies Objective: Learn about the founding of the first English settlements Compare Roanoke, Sagadahoc, & Jamestown Understand why Jamestown survived and the long-term impact this had on the U.S.

2. Why did the English begin establishing colonies in 1588?

3. Armada Portrait of Elizabeth I (By kind permission of the Marquess of Tavistock and Trustees of the Bedford Estate) Armada Portrait of Elizabeth I Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

4. Armada Portrait of Elizabeth I (By kind permission of the Marquess of Tavistock and Trustees of the Bedford Estate) Armada Portrait of Elizabeth I Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

6. What is the Roanoke mystery? http://www.msa.md.gov/msa/stagser/ s1259/121/4198/html/0000.html

7. What was the purpose of joint-stock companies?

8. Map: Early Chesapeake Settlement Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

9. Jamestown Disastrous start –D–Disease, starvation and thoughts of gold –I–Investors wanted quick return –O–Only 38 of 150 survived John Smith –T–Took control of the settlement Work or get out –H–Help of the Powhatan –T–Turned colony around Accident More Colonists sent to Jamestown –R–Reaction of the Powhatan What was “starving time”?

10. Jamestown skeleton In 1996, archeologists working at Jamestown uncovered this skeleton of a young man they nicknamed "JR." JR was a European male, 5' 6" tall, between the ages of 19 and 22. We know that he bled to death from a bullet wound in his leg, but we don't know the circumstances of his death. Was he a gentleman, shot for treason? Was he a soldier? Was he perhaps a co-conspirator with Captain John Smith in Smith's mutiny attempt at sea? The answer remains a mystery, but JR's discovery illustrates how much early American historians have come to rely upon archeologists for help in reconstructing the colonial past. (Kenneth K. Lyons/Newport News Daily Press) Jamestown skeleton Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

11. Fate of Jamestown After starving time, colonists wanted to leave –They were convinced to stay and work Forced, beaten and hung –Grew into a profitable company, why? Tobacco, AKA “Brown Gold” Headright system –Need for labor, anyone who came to the colonies got 50 acres Indentured servants –Exchange labor, 4-7 years, for a trip to the North America African laborers –Arrived in 1619 Initially treated as Indentured servants –Price and resistance to disease

12. List some of the problems encountered by the English colonists at Roanoke and Jamestown: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

13. What was John Smith’s contribution to Jamestown? How might US history be different without him?

14. Indentured Servants http://teachingamericanhistorymd.net/000001/000000/000183/html/t183.html

15. Virginia House of Burgesses Why was it created? Why is it important to US History?

16. Nathaniel Bacon Nathaniel Bacon came to Virginia as a gentleman in the 1670s, but his resentment of the economic and political domination of the colony by a small group of planters transformed him into a backwoods rebel. In 1676, Bacon led an army of discontented farmers, servants, and slaves against the powerful coastal planters--and almost won. In this stained glass window, discovered and restored in the twentieth century, Bacon's social class and his commanding presence are both evident. (The Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities at Bacon's Castle, Library of Virginia) Nathaniel Bacon Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

17. Drills Identify characteristics of Spanish Colonies Identify characteristics of English Colonies

18. COMPARE/CONTRAST SPAINENGLAND Govt. supports colony Gold & God Plantations Conquer (Conquistadors/ Mestizos) Private Corporations Settlements Colonies Punitive Conflict No mixing/ separation.destruction NOTE: We will complete column on French exploration in next part of chapter