1. Protestant Reformation

2. Abuses within the Church
Johann Tetzel (1517)
Dominican preacher accused of selling indulgences

3. Martin Luther German priest who initiated the Protestant Reformation
Challenged the Pope’s authority

4. Martin Luther
95 Theses- Protested clerical abuses, especially indulgences
Printed the Bible in German
1521- Pope Adrian IV: would launch Catholic Reformation

5. Differences between Lutherans and Catholics
Pope’s authority
Indulgences
Unmarried clergy
LUTHERANS
Bible has sole religious authority
“a priesthood of all believers”
Indulgences are wrong

6. Took hold in Germany and Scandinavia
Lutherans changed name to “Protestants”

7. Peasants Revolt 1524 Economic & religious revolts
Petition to Holy Roman Emperor
Wanted relief from oppression

8. Peace of Augsburg 1530’s-1540’s Holy Roman Emperor Charles V
-Opposed Luther and reformation
2. # of wars
-Italian wars against French Kings

9. John Calvin
Religious reformer who believed in predestination (God chose who is saved before we came to earth)
Geneva- Council passed ecclesiastical ordinances for church & ministry

10. John Calvin Reformers (Huguenots were followers of Calvinism)
Opposition- the rich claimed to be above the law