1. Practical Experiences: ICT For Development in Indonesia Onno W. Purbo Onno@indo.net.id IDRC Sabbaticant

2. References http://sandbox.bellanet.org/~onno/ http://www.apjii.or.id/onno/ Mailing List wifi4d@dgroups.org

3. Acknowledgment.. Thank you IDRC Thank you Indonesian Consulate & SFU Thank you my comrades in Indonesian ICT movement including Heru Nugroho, Judith, Donny, Bona, Michael, Johar, Basuki, etc..

4. Disclaimer.. I’m an engineer I’m not a social scientist or a economics I tend to simplify things..

5. Focus on.. Experience in community based ICT development. More on practical (techno) experiences.. High Impact, Low Cost & Sustainable.

6. Unfortunately.. (or fortunately?) It is a long 10+ years process.. Not much funding Government World Bank IMF

7. Indonesia 1993 Internet UsersFew CybercafeNone Schools on InternetNone ICT booksFew ICT MagazineFew

8. 10+ Years Later, Today.. 7.5+ Million Indonesian Internet Users 5000+ WiFi outdoor installations 2000+ CyberCafes 1500+ schools on the Internet 1000+ Community Radio 20+ ICT Magazines Hundreds ICT Books Title Hundreds Local ICT Authors

9. Future objectives.. To see 100 million Indonesians on the Internet by 2015. Self-finance Gov’t have not much $$ to provide infrastructure. Sustainable Invest, maintain & operate by communities

10. Who? Mostly community based.. Not much gov’t funding & support No World Bank, no IMF funding Mostly self-finance & community based

11. More Questions … How? Where? Funding & Cost?

12. Quick Answers Where? It is everywhere, all over Indonesia.. Total 7.5+ million Internet users (early 2004) Funding & Cost? Self-finance US$0.5/student/month (RoI 1-2 years) US$15-45/house/month

13. How? Some simple short answer would be: Education Awareness Encourage Local Authors

14. How? – the logic.. Community education They understand ICT importance Affordable when shared & Easy to use GUI. They convinced They invest They install They operate They collectively pay all costs They get their $$ back in 1-2 years They influence other communities. Empowerment

15. Stories Behind The Screen.. “Jihad” for Community Based ICT Infrastructure vs. The Incumbent Jurassic Infrastructure

16. Empowerment.. It can be self-financed!!

17. Distribute CD

18. Web http://sandbox.bellanet.org/~onno http://www.apjii.or.id/onno/ Requests for help, talk & workshop from Nicaragua, Venezuela, Benin, Malaysia, Egypt, Pakistan, Mozambique etc …

19. Mailing Lists 2600+ lists 65.000+ subscribers 50+ e-mail / second

20. Workshops Roadshows

21. Publish ~40 Books..

22. Impact.. Empower the poor Community based Infrastructure

23. Comp. Lab. For Street Kids Source: Donny BU dbu@ictwatch.com

24. Used Equipments

25. Children Happy …

26. Stunned Others

27. Today ICT Equipments Low Cost User Friendly As a consequence From The People By The People For The People Old Paradigm: Licensed by Government Invested by Multinational Supplied by Vendors Operated by Operator For customer

28. Major Technologies WiFi – for outdoor usage! VoIP Neighborhood Network

29. Impact.. 5000+ Outdoor WiFi (Internet Wireless) nodes. 200-300 new nodes / month Many neighborhood Networks Cost US$15-45/month/neighbor

30. Community Based Infrastructure

31. Outdoor WiFi

32. VoIP

33. Neighborhood Network

34. What if we can change the regulation? Currently WiFi outdoor is licensed band. Only ISP can get such licensed. 1999, we have to pay US$2200/year/node 2002, we have to pay US$270/year/node Fact, Most people run the system w/o licensed

35. Unlicensing WiFi Band.. TodayNext 5 Years Users1 million17.8 million ISP Tax/yrUS$116.000US$2.4 million VAT Tax/yrUS$812.000US$14.8 mllion Invest TaxUS$ 2 millionUS$69.6 mllion PC units50002 million WiFi eqpmnts5500130.000 Large Market! US$35/unit production cost  US$4.5 million industrial value!

36. The conservative consequences 17.8+ million Internet users

37. Indonesia will be dangerous! CountryPopulation 2003 Australia20+ million Malaysia23+ million Philippine84+ million Thailand63+ million Vietnam81+ million Burma42+ million Canada31+ million

38. The Catch … A need A “Leader” The one who Has the vision Knows the way Shows the way Goes the way It’s not easy to find one  …..

39. Thank You Knowledge is power Share it It will multiply. You‘ll see the real power of Knowledge.