Water Audits: A simple “How To…”

Name: Water Audits: A simple “How To…”
Uploaded: 2017-08-20T00:32:51+00:00
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Description: Water Audits: A simple “How To…”

Water Audits: A simple “How To…”
John H. Van Arsdel, Vice President 4/26/2017 Water Audits: A simple “How To…” We wills how you a simple way to get started. Water Audits - a simple "How To'

Why perform a Water Audit?

Water Sold Water Pumped
4/26/2017 Gallons of water being pumped into the distribution system each billing period exceeds the gallons being sold. Water Sold Water Utilities have been trying to balance the scales for years! Water Pumped

Water Loss Control 4/26/2017 Monitoring water resources has been conducted for thousands of years. Roman Adjutage Julius Frontenus was first Roman Water Commissioner and recognized importance of equitable water distribution (300 BC) Flow The Romans understood why water equity was needed for the civilization to be able to function. They understood the protection of the Commons.

4/26/2017 Water Loss Control Concept of “water rights” and efficient water use has been debated and fought over for centuries End result: majority of water is now metered for equitable economic distribution.

John H. Van Arsdel, Vice President
4/26/2017 Production Venturi Meter Production Mag Meter Examples of various meters. Each has a specific function and if not measuring correctly can be a cause of serious issues for a utility. Wholesale 16”Turbine meter Commercial/Industrial Compound Meter Water Audits - a simple "How To'

Where did it all go?? Water Sold Water Pumped 4/26/2017
Well… where did it all go? Water Pumped

Water Audit Process: A Top Down Approach
John H. Van Arsdel, Vice President 4/26/2017 Water Audit Process: A Top Down Approach Advantage: quickly pulls together data and information that is readily available. Disadvantage: for most water utilities, incomplete or inaccurate data limits the validity of the top-down water audit. Top down approach get things started. You just need to start even if you have limited records. Water Audits - a simple "How To'

Water Audit Process: A Top Down Approach with Bottom Up validation
John H. Van Arsdel, Vice President 4/26/2017 Water Audit Process: A Top Down Approach with Bottom Up validation Advantage: pulls together top down data and field verifies results by field testing of various sorts Disadvantage: for water utilities, field testing must follow a strict method and costs extra $$’s for the field work. Field verification can be done after the audit to add strength to the audit process. Water Audits - a simple "How To'

Water Audit and M36 Publication
John H. Van Arsdel, Vice President 4/26/2017 Water Audit and M36 Publication In April, 2009, AWWA published the third edition of Manual 36 entitled Water Audits and Loss Control Programs Manual was prepared under the guidance of the Water Loss Control Committee (WLCC) Concurrently, a WLCC subcommittee developed water audit software The software was made available through AWWA on their website This is the Manual of Water Loss Control from AWWA. New edition will be out in one year. Water Audits - a simple "How To'

M36 3rd Edition Table of Contents
John H. Van Arsdel, Vice President 4/26/2017 M36 3rd Edition Table of Contents Chapter 1 – Introduction: Auditing Water Supply Operations and Controlling Losses Chapter 2 – Conducting the Water Audit Chapter 3 – Identifying and Controlling Apparent Losses Chapter 4 – Understanding Real Losses: The Occurrence and Impacts of Leakage Chapter 5 – Controlling Real Losses: Leakage and Pressure Management Chapter 6 – Planning and Sustaining the Water Loss Control Program Chapter 7 – Considerations for Small Systems Glossary of Terms and Definitions for Water Loss Control Appendix – Blank Forms, Assessing Water Resource Management, AWWA WLCC Free Water Audit Software, Case Studies Organized in chapters that make sense. Water Audits - a simple "How To'

Standard Water Balance Format
John H. Van Arsdel, Vice President 4/26/2017 Standard Water Balance Format Start here Move this direction Water Imported Own Sources Total System Input ( allow for known errors ) Total System Input (allow for known errors) Water Exported Water Exported Authorized Consumption Authorized Consumption Billed Authorized Consumption Revenue Water Billed Water Exported Billed Metered Consumption Water Supplied Water Supplied Billed Unmetered Consumption Unbilled Authorized Consumption Non- Revenue Water Unbilled Metered Consumption Unbilled Unmetered Consumption Water Losses Water Losses Apparent Losses Unauthorized Consumption Start on the left… move right. Customer Metering & Data Inaccuracies Real Losses Leakage on Mains Leakage on Service Lines (before the meter) Leakage & Overflows at Storage Water Audits - a simple "How To'

The Water Audit Process Roadmap
John H. Van Arsdel, Vice President The Water Audit Process Roadmap 4/26/2017 How is the software obtained? Where do you get the software? It is free. Water Audits - a simple "How To'

John H. Van Arsdel, Vice President The Water Audit Process Roadmap 4/26/2017 How is the software obtained? Log in… Log in even if you are not an AWWA member (you can sign in as a guest). Water Audits - a simple "How To'

Agree to Terms of Use…

John H. Van Arsdel, Vice President The Water Audit Process Roadmap 4/26/2017 Which Spreadsheet? Version 5… This is the version you want. Water Audits - a simple "How To'

John H. Van Arsdel, Vice President The Water Audit Process Roadmap 4/26/2017 Download to your computer … Save… Water Audits - a simple "How To'

John H. Van Arsdel, Vice President 4/26/2017 The Water Audit Process Roadmap ….. and “SAVE”… Start exploring a reading. Water Audits - a simple "How To'

Completing the Water Audit
John H. Van Arsdel, Vice President 4/26/2017 Completing the Water Audit Read the instructions provided in the software Follow the tabs Water Audits - a simple "How To'

4/26/2017 Title Page Add Name, Rank, Serial Number… etc. Water Audits - a simple "How To'

4/26/2017 Title Page Hot buttons will take you to that particular tab. Hot buttons Water Audits - a simple "How To'

4/26/2017 What data do I need? System input including Purchased water Transferred water, imported and exported Sales Metered, billed and unbilled Unmetered, billed and unbilled Estimate of unauthorized consumption Estimate of meter error or inaccuracy Estimate of data handling errors Start gathering data. Filling out the form is easy, but gathering the data is very tough. You will need access to a lot of different stuff. Water Audits - a simple "How To'

4/26/2017 What data do I need? Physical parameters of the water system Length of mains Number of service connections Average length of customer service line Average system operating pressure Financial data on the system Annual operating costs Retail cost per unit Marginal cost per unit All of this data is needed to calculate loss both in actual water volumes as well as dollars. Water Audits - a simple "How To'

Where is the data entered?
John H. Van Arsdel, Vice President 4/26/2017 Where is the data entered? Look for the white boxes in the spreadsheet Start entering data in the white cells. Water Audits - a simple "How To'

Where is the data entered?
John H. Van Arsdel, Vice President 4/26/2017 Where is the data entered? Look for the white boxes in the spreadsheet That was easy, but what about those small white boxes? These boxes are for checking how good the data is that you have. Do not over estimate your scores. Each row has a particular score designed just for that row. Read all of these carefully to put the right score in. Be honest!! Water Audits - a simple "How To'

Grading the data: an example
John H. Van Arsdel, Vice President 4/26/2017 Grading the data: an example How many miles of mains are in the system? Here is just one of those row validity scoring conditions. Water Audits - a simple "How To'

4/26/2017 What data do I need? System input including Purchased water Transferred water, imported and exported Sales Metered, billed and unbilled Unmetered, billed and unbilled Estimate of unauthorized consumption Estimate of meter error or inaccuracy Estimate of data handling errors Start at the top and work through the sheet. Water Audits - a simple "How To'

John H. Van Arsdel, Vice President 4/26/2017 Standard Water Balance Format Start here Move this direction Water Imported Own Sources Total System Input ( allow for known errors ) Total System Input (allow for known errors) Water Exported Water Exported Authorized Consumption Authorized Consumption Billed Authorized Consumption Revenue Water Billed Water Exported Billed Metered Consumption Water Supplied Water Supplied Billed Unmetered Consumption Unbilled Authorized Consumption Non- Revenue Water Unbilled Metered Consumption Unbilled Unmetered Consumption Water Losses Water Losses Apparent Losses Unauthorized Consumption As you enter data, the areas in the Balance sheet will get filled in. Customer Metering & Data Inaccuracies Real Losses Leakage on Mains Leakage on Service Lines (before the meter) Leakage & Overflows at Storage Water Audits - a simple "How To'

How much water is Produced?
John H. Van Arsdel, Vice President 4/26/2017 How much water is Produced? Year Total Gallons Pumped 2008 2,251,273,500 2009 2,179,328,503 2010 2,105,713,620 Look at trended data if you have it. That way you can see patterns. Water Audits - a simple "How To'

4/26/2017 Data Input Master Meter Annual Totals Production meter error needs to be considered. No meter is ever 100% on the money. If you have several master meters, you will need to weight their averages. Master Meter Error adjustment boxes Water Audits - a simple "How To'

4/26/2017 What data do I need? System input including Purchased water Transferred water, imported and exported Sales Metered, billed and unbilled Unmetered, billed and unbilled Estimate of unauthorized consumption Estimate of meter error or inaccuracy Estimate of data handling errors Dig into your billing data, better yet let your billing folks do that ! Water Audits - a simple "How To'

John H. Van Arsdel, Vice President 4/26/2017 Standard Water Balance Format Start here Move this direction Water Imported Own Sources Total System Input ( allow for known errors ) Total System Input (allow for known errors) Water Exported Water Exported Authorized Consumption Authorized Consumption Billed Authorized Consumption Revenue Water Billed Water Exported Billed Metered Consumption Water Supplied Water Supplied Billed Unmetered Consumption Unbilled Authorized Consumption Non- Revenue Water Unbilled Metered Consumption Unbilled Unmetered Consumption Water Losses Water Losses Apparent Losses Unauthorized Consumption Again, as you work through the data the balance sheet will get filled in. Customer Metering & Data Inaccuracies Real Losses Leakage on Mains Leakage on Service Lines (before the meter) Leakage & Overflows at Storage Water Audits - a simple "How To'

DETERMINE AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION
John H. Van Arsdel, Vice President 4/26/2017 DETERMINE AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION Billed Metered Water Billed Unmetered Water Unbilled Metered Water Unbilled Unmetered Water 4 areas of authorized water use. Water Audits - a simple "How To'

How much water is Billed?
John H. Van Arsdel, Vice President 4/26/2017 How much water is Billed? Trend billed water to get an idea of use patterns. Water Audits - a simple "How To'

4/26/2017 These grapghs were done by someone wanting to compare year to year billed usage. Water Audits - a simple "How To'

4/26/2017 Billing Data Sample 10% statistically Significant Random Sample 95% confidence level Size Number % of sample 0.625 1227 89.23% 0.75 43 3.12% 1 32 2.32% 1.25 1.5 18 1.31% 2 25 1.81% 3 6 0.43% 4 5 0.36% 0.29% 8 12 0.07% Bigger meters make up less of the total meter count but … Water Audits - a simple "How To'

Average annual revenue per sampled meter record
John H. Van Arsdel, Vice President 4/26/2017 Average annual revenue per sampled meter record Meter Size Cu. Ft. Revenue 0.625 6,737 $211.17 0.75 11,946 $311.29 1 20,718 $490.64 1.25 no data 1.5 76,194 $3,770.29 2 97,335 $1,878.73 3 505,217 $7,991.87 4 470,220 $7,923.42 6 2,336,430 $42,795.00 8 9,496,130 $127,088.00 12 13,382,700 $179,486.00 Provide the most revenue by each meter. This is an average annual revenue by meter size. Water Audits - a simple "How To'

4/26/2017 Data Input The 4 Authorized uses go in here Water Audits - a simple "How To'

John H. Van Arsdel, Vice President 4/26/2017 Standard Water Balance Format Start here Move this direction Water Imported Own Sources Total System Input ( allow for known errors ) Total System Input (allow for known errors) Water Exported Water Exported Authorized Consumption Authorized Consumption Billed Authorized Consumption Revenue Water Billed Water Exported Billed Metered Consumption Water Supplied Water Supplied Billed Unmetered Consumption Unbilled Authorized Consumption Non- Revenue Water Unbilled Metered Consumption Unbilled Unmetered Consumption Water Losses Water Losses Apparent Losses Unauthorized Consumption Customer Metering & Data Inaccuracies Real Losses Leakage on Mains Leakage on Service Lines (before the meter) Leakage & Overflows at Storage Water Audits - a simple "How To'

2010 Pumped vs. Billed & Difference
John H. Van Arsdel, Vice President 4/26/2017 2010 Pumped vs. Billed & Difference See any patterns? Look at September. What happened here? (billing cycles catch up and lag between summer use an billed water). Water Audits - a simple "How To'

Year Aver % Dif. 2008 14.4 2009 13.0 2010 14.1 2011 **18.4

4/26/2017 What data do I need? System input including Purchased water Transferred water, imported and exported Sales Metered, billed and unbilled Unmetered, billed and unbilled Estimate of unauthorized consumption Estimate of meter error or inaccuracy Estimate of data handling errors Some data will have to be estimated. Be cautious of this. Water Audits - a simple "How To'

Calculated Data from Input
John H. Van Arsdel, Vice President 4/26/2017 Calculated Data from Input You can use default values or estimates. Defaults have been based on national averages. Water Audits - a simple "How To'

4/26/2017 Data Input What is Non revenue water? Water you do not make money on… What does this really mean?? Water Audits - a simple "How To'

4/26/2017 What data do I need? Physical parameters of the water system Length of mains Number of service connections Average length of customer service line Average system operating pressure Financial data on the system Annual operating costs Retail cost per unit Marginal cost per unit Physical parameters are used to calculate scores for the system such as losses per mile of main. Water Audits - a simple "How To'

4/26/2017 Data Input Should be able to get this info fairly easily. Water Audits - a simple "How To'

Service Connection Diagram
John H. Van Arsdel, Vice President 4/26/2017 Service Connection Diagram Service lengths are important. Why? Potential leak issues and unmetered water. Note differences in lengths for service connections Water Audits - a simple "How To'

What data do I need? Physical parameters of the water system
Length of mains Number of service connections Average length of customer service line Average system operating pressure Financial data on the system Annual operating costs Retail cost per unit Marginal cost per unit

4/26/2017 Data Input Cost data s needed so $$ losses can be calculated. Water Audits - a simple "How To'

4/26/2017 How did the system do? Water Audits - a simple "How To'

4/26/2017 How did the system do? These areas will be calculated. Simple subtraction on water used and billed from water produced = losses. Water Audits - a simple "How To'

4/26/2017 How did the system do? Performance indicators… Financial and operational. Water Audits - a simple "How To'

4/26/2017 How did the system do? Validity scores will be added from each row to give overall score. Important in helping in planning of water loss reduction strategy. Water Audits - a simple "How To'

4/26/2017 Validity Score Scores added up… Water Audits - a simple "How To'

Water Balance Filled Out
John H. Van Arsdel, Vice President 4/26/2017 Water Balance Filled Out Balance sheet filled out. All columns add up to same volume at the bottom. All water accounted for. No UNACCOUNTED FOR water. Now you can see where it all went. Water Audits - a simple "How To'

Grading the data: an example

Audit Validity Score

4/26/2017 Making the Grade 78 out of 100 Applying validity score to a water loss plan. Water Audits - a simple "How To'

Grading Matrix… lots of pages of grades
John H. Van Arsdel, Vice President 4/26/2017 Grading Matrix… lots of pages of grades Lots of areas for improvement. Water Audits - a simple "How To'

4/26/2017 Grading the system Performance Indicators NRW% by volume Volumetric losses Losses per connection per day Losses per mile of main Infrastructure Leakage Index (ILI) The “grades” will help with loss control planning. Water Audits - a simple "How To'

Grading the system 4/26/2017 Medium sized town. Actual number s calculated from real data. Water Audits - a simple "How To'

4/26/2017 ILI= CARL / UARL UARL ILI= infrastructure Leakage Index Remember ILI is a Ratio of overall leaks to a theoretical low level of leakage. The higher the ratio, the higher the losses but also need to consider costs here. Water Audits - a simple "How To'

4/26/2017 ILI= CARL / UARL UARL Here is the math. The constants were taken from the International Water Association. Water Audits - a simple "How To'

4/26/2017 UARL considerations If the system is under 80 miles of main AND under 3,000 connections the UARL (and ILI) will not be calculated in the software. It can be manually calculated but be careful because some Apparent losses can be “disguised as Real losses. Especially true in smaller systems. Water Audits - a simple "How To'

Interpreting the Grades: ILI
John H. Van Arsdel, Vice President 4/26/2017 Interpreting the Grades: ILI Where do you fall in regard to the ILI? Water Audits - a simple "How To'

Smaller System Considerations
John H. Van Arsdel, Vice President 4/26/2017 Smaller System Considerations **Systems under 80 miles of main and less than 3000 connections will not show ILI. Service Connection Density < 32 per mile (rural systems) will have Real Losses per length of main per day calculated Smaller system considerations. Water Audits - a simple "How To'

Interpreting the Grades: NRW volume
John H. Van Arsdel, Vice President 4/26/2017 Interpreting the Grades: NRW volume Follow the trend See any “suspect” data? Water Audits - a simple "How To'

John H. Van Arsdel, Vice President 4/26/2017 Standard Water Balance Format Start here Move this direction Water Imported Own Sources Total System Input ( allow for known errors ) Total System Input (allow for known errors) Water Exported Water Exported Authorized Consumption Authorized Consumption Billed Authorized Consumption Revenue Water Billed Water Exported Billed Metered Consumption Water Supplied Water Supplied Billed Unmetered Consumption Unbilled Authorized Consumption Non- Revenue Water Unbilled Metered Consumption Unbilled Unmetered Consumption Water Losses Water Losses Apparent Losses Unauthorized Consumption Started on the left… moved right… Customer Metering & Data Inaccuracies Real Losses Leakage on Mains Leakage on Service Lines (before the meter) Leakage & Overflows at Storage Water Audits - a simple "How To'

Water Balance Filled Out
John H. Van Arsdel, Vice President 4/26/2017 Water Balance Filled Out Balance sheet filled out. Water Audits - a simple "How To'

4/26/2017 Audit Dashboard Version 5 dashboard gives a great perspective on where things are. Radio buttons can allow for toggle between how data can be viewed. Water Audits - a simple "How To'

4/26/2017 Grading Matrix How good is the grade? Water Audits - a simple "How To'

4/26/2017 Developing Actions Monitor, Maintain and / or Manage Improve data Develop a “bottom up” audit Refer to M36 and other AWWA references Other publications, IWA and privately authored Review case studies Comments to Matrix allows for loss control planning. Water Audits - a simple "How To'

UARL: Unavoidable Annual Real Losses Pressure Management ELL: Economic Level of Leakage Recoverable Losses Speed & Quality of Repairs ELL Active Leak Control Program UARL The idea is to shrink the recoverable (get your money back). Asset Management Water Audits - a simple "How To'

Questions? Don’t play Possum with Water Loss Management!!

Water Audits: A simple “How To…”

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