1. Joints Also called articulations Functions: 1. ____________________________________ 2. ____________________________________ Bones articulate with joints ___________ holds bones to other bones *Joints are classified by the amount of movements they allow

2. Joint Classification ___________________ (immovable joint) –Bone ends forming joint are connected by fibrous connective tissue –Example: ____________________________ _______________ (slightly movable joint) –Bones are connected by symphysis joint; which is a disc of fibrous cartilage between bones –Example: ____________________________

3. Joint Classification _____________________ ( freely movable joint) Largest category of joints Bony regions separated by articular cartilage –*Ball and Socket joint Movement in all planes and rotation is possible Example: ________________________________________ –*Hinge Joint Movement in one plane Up and down movement Example: ________________________________________

4. More Freely Movable Joints __________________________ –Rotation in a single plane –Examples: atlas and axis, radius and ulna __________________________ –Side to side movement –Example: between carpals and tarsals ___________________________ –Movement in two planes –Example: carpometacarpal joint of the thumb

5. Synovial Joints All freely movable joints are synovial joints Articular cartilage on joint surface –Provides a smooth surface to reduce friction Joint capsule –____________________________________ ____________________________________ Synovial Membrane –____________________________________ ____________________________________

6. Synovial Joints Synovial fluid –____________________________________ Bursae 1. Small sac of synovial fluid between joints and tendons 2. Permit tendons to slide easily as the bones are moved –With excessive use, bursae may become inflamed and painful = __________________