1. Battles of World War II Ambitious Advances and Bloody Battles

2. What led to WWII? Treaty of Versailles was too harsh Global Depression led to totalitarian governments League of Nations was weak Appeasement was used to avoid war Hitler violated the Treaty of Versailles by building his military, occupying the Rhineland, & attacking Austria, Sudetenland, Czechoslovakia, and Poland (September 1, 1939)

3. Totalitarian Governments By 1930s totalitarian regimes emerged in Russia, Italy, Germany, Japan All four wanted to expand territory & power in their sphere

4. Hitler Learns Lessons Japan-1931 invaded & took over Manchuria; League of Nations condemned Japan but did nothing else. 1937 invaded China for valuable ports Italy-1935 Mussolini invaded & took over Ethiopia; League of Nations sanctioned (stop trade), but sanction was ineffective

6. Hitler Learns Lessons Germany-Hitler sees League of Nations do nothing to stop them Francisco Franco In 1936, Spain had Civil War between Fascist Francisco Franco & Spanish who wanted democracy; Germany assisted Franco & used war as opportunity to “practice” air-raid bombings

7. Starting WWII Hitler wanted lebensraum (living space) for Germans Rhineland March 1936, moved troops into Rhineland Austria March 1938, invaded Austria & made it part of Germany appeasement Other countries & League of Nations used appeasement—agreeing to demands to avoid war)

8. RHINELAND SUDETENLAND

9. Salivating over the Sudetenland Germans were living in part of Czechoslovakia, so Hitler demanded the Sudetenland Sept 1938 Munich Agreement — compromise reached: Germany took Sudetenland, but no more

11. Salivating over the Sudetenland British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain said Europe had avoided war (was he right?) March 1939, Hitler broke the Munich Agreement & took all Czechoslovakia

12. Enemies Become Allies?? Stalin & Hitler do not like each other Stalin warned Britain and France, but the they did not trust Stalin, SO… August 1939- Nazi-Soviet Pact: USSR and Germany will divide Poland and not attack each other

14. World War 2 Begins Knowing the USSR will stay out of its way, Germany invaded Poland on September 1, 1939 Sept 3, 1939—England & France declared war on Germany

15. World War 2 Begins Blitzkrieg: “lightening war” fast, strong attacks using tanks, infantry, & warplanes Britain and France were slow to arm & had old weapons; Hitler had new weapons Chamberlain resigned and Winston Churchill became Prime Minister

17. Winston Churchill

18. Fall of France June 1940— Germans crossed the Maginot Line and invaded France

20. Fall of France France split into 3 sections: 1.Nazis occupied northern France Vichy government 2.Hitler created Vichy government in South France (French leaders who work with Nazis) Charles de Gaulle 3.Free France—rebels led by Charles de Gaulle & fought the Nazis from England

22. Battle of Britain Britain was the only Allied country left; Hitler felt would surrender German air force bombed Britain for 8 straight months: Britain refused to surrender

23. This poster is from the Battle of Britain!!

27. Hitler Turns on Stalin Hitler felt theUSSR would provide enough living space for Germans; led surprise attack in June 1941 & pushed close to Moscow; but… Stalin used scorched- earth policy to stop Germans -burn everything!

29. Meanwhile... Dec 1941-Japan attacked Indochina (Viet Nam) The USA responded by banning sale of all scrap iron to Japan

31. Pearl Harbor Japan wasmad at US for interfering with expansion Pearl Harbor Dec 7, 1941—Japan bombed Pearl Harbor (Hawaii); US declared war on Japan

33. 1942-Tide Turns Battle of the Atlantic—Allied forces defeat Axis submarines & battleships Battle of Stalingrad—German army forced to surrender to Russians

35. Invading Italy July 1943—Allies attacked Italy Italian king Victor Emmanuel III had Mussolini jailed; Italy surrendered

36. D- Day D-Day—June 6, 1944—Allies invaded Nazi-held France at Normandy; marched towards Germany

38. V-E Day Soviets attacked Germany from east; got to Berlin by April 1945 May 7, 1945- V-E Day (Victory in Europe) Germany surrendered

39. Map #1: Ambitious Advances With 1 color, identify Axis expansion and Axis military victories; with another color identify Allied advances and military victories Create a key that explains your symbols & color code Identify, date, and label the following: invasions of Rhineland, Austria, Sudetenland, Czechoslovakia, Poland, & Eastern Europe; Attacks on France, England, & Russia

40. Map #2: Allied Counter-Strike With 1 color, identify Axis expansion and Axis military victories; with another color identify Allied advances and military victories Create a key that explains your symbols & color code Identify, date, and label the following: Battle of the Atlantic, Stalingrad, El Alamein, invasion of Italy, invasion of Normandy & push to Germany, Soviet push to Berlin in east

41. Review Below Preview, respond to Review: –Create an image that reflects the overall importance of the following: SudetenlandSudetenland Munich ConferenceMunich Conference BlitzkriegBlitzkrieg Phony WarPhony War D-DayD-Day