2. Expansion Lebensraum

3. Post World War I Rise of Totalitarianism  Europe’s infrastructure, economy and population had been devastated by the war.  People became discontented with their leaders.  Leaders who reflected the people’s bitterness and anger emerged. Treaty Of Versailles  France thought the treaty was too easy on Germany.  Italy had been on the winning yet didn’t gain territory they wanted.  Despite gaining German Colonies in the pacific, Japan was not satisfied, they also aimed to expand into China. Germany  Germany gave up control of some of its land, including some important industrial areas  Reparations to other countries, led to a period of severe inflation.  The German military was greatly reduced in size and power.  War Guilt Clause

4. Japan Invasion

5. Japan 1930’s  Worldwide depression  1931, Mukden Incident  1937, Rape of Nanking  U.S.S. Panay  Economic Sanctions

6. Increasing Tensions in East Asia 1934Japan began expanding its naval forces despite promises made at the Washington Navel Conference. 1936Japan signed an anticommunism pact with Germany. 1937Japan began a war against China. 1940Japan formed a military alliance with Germany and Italy. These nations were known as the Axis Powers. 1941Japan moved to take control of French Indochina, which threatened American interests. President Roosevelt tried to reason with General Hideki Tojo, the minister of war who took control of the country in October of 1941.

7. Italy Mussolini UncheckedMussolini

8. Fascism-Italy Italy is in turmoil Restricted Rights Control through Intimidation New Roman Empire 1935 Invasion of Ethiopia

9. Spanish Civil War  Conflict between political factions  General Francisco Franco comes to power.  1936-1939, Civil War  Non-Intervention Committee  War by proxy Francisco Franco

10. Adolf Hitler Gains Power The Rhineland Restricted from Rhineland. Hitler sent troops into the Rhineland in 1936. Appeasement Alliances 1936, Japan signed agreement with Germany. 1939, Established a nonaggression pact with Stalin’s Soviet Union. 1940, Established a pact with Italy Axis Powers are united The Sudetenland German-speaking portion of Czechoslovakia. Munich Pact, 1938 Appeasement The Anschluss Unite the ethnic Germans of Austria Hitler sends troops in 1936 Appeasement Poland September 1, 1939, Hitler invaded Poland. Blitzkrieg, or “lightening war.” Sept. 3 rd 1939 Britain and France declare war!

11. Fall of France Sitzkrieg 1940, Hitler invaded Denmark and Norway in order to gain valuable submarine bases on the Atlantic Ocean. Maginot Line Dunkirk Vichy France

12. Battle of Britain The Nazi Air force (Luftwaffe) bombed British cities for three months. The RAF (Royal Air Force) drove off the Luftwaffe and the Nazis abandoned plans to invade Britain.