1. 1939-1945

2. Political instability and economic devastationPolitical instability and economic devastation in Europe resulting from World War I

3. 4 CAUSES : 1.Worldwide depressio n 2. High war debt owed by Germany

4. 3. High inflation. 4. Massive unemployment - German money became worthless. Children played with stacks of money while housewives burned it for fuel.

5. To help you remember the 4 CAUSES That Led to WWII : War Has Hurt Millions

6. Fascism is political philosophy in which total power is given to a dictator and individual freedoms are denied and nationalism and, often, racism are emphasized. Rise of Fascism:

7. Fascist dictators included Fascist dictators included: Adolf Hitler (Germany) Benito Mussolini (Italy) Hideki Tojo (Japan) Hitler Tojo Mussolini These dictators led the countries that became known as the Axis Powers.

8. DictatorCountry Political Party/Politica l Philosophy Threats to Peace Adolf HitlerGermany Nazi Party Fascism 1.Racist government. 2.Blamed Jews for problems in Germany. 3.Suppressed opposing views and controlled peoples’ lives. 4.Built up military. 5.Expanded territory. 6.Formed an alliance with Italy. Benito Mussolini Italy Fascism 1.Banned all political parties. 2.Ended freedom of the press. 3.Ended all civil liberties. 4.Invaded Ethiopia and Albania. Joseph Stalin Soviet Union Communism 1.Used force to demand obedience. 2.Sent people to labor camps/killed opposition. 3.Forced people to work on government owned farms. Hideki Tojo Japan Military- controlled government Fascism 1.Attacked Manchuria. 2.Formed an alliance with Italy and Germany called the Axis Powers.

9. Democratic Nations: The United States (at end of 1941, Democratic Nations: The United States (at end of 1941, Great Britain, Canada, France were known as the Allies. Great Britain, Canada, France were known as the Allies. The Soviet Union joined the Allies after being The Soviet Union joined the Allies after being invaded by Germany in June 1941 invaded by Germany in June 1941. Allied Leaders Included: Franklin D. Roosevelt later Harry S. Truman (US) Franklin D. Roosevelt later Harry S. Truman (US) Winston Churchill (Great Britain) Winston Churchill (Great Britain) Joseph Stalin (Soviet Union ) Joseph Stalin (Soviet Union )

12. Germany invaded France and captured Paris.

14. Germany bombed London, and the Battle of Britain began.

16. Gradual change in American Policy … from neutrality to Direct Involvement: At first, the United States was neutral and isolationists.

17. Isolationism Philosophy was Due To: Great Depression (problems in our own country). Legacy of World War I (we became involved in a European war once before).

18. Economic Aid to Allies. Great Britain needed help from the U.S. What is this cartoonist saying the U.S. trade policy with England will lead to?

19. Destroyers for Bases (1940) The U.S. gave Britain war supplies & old naval warships in return for military bases in Bermuda and the Caribbean. Lend - Lease (1941) The U. S. gave Britain war supplies and old naval warships in return for military bases in Bermuda and the Caribbean.

20. United States Direct Involvement: Rising tension developed between the U.S. & Japan because of Japanese aggression in East Asia. The “Rape of Nanking”

21. Analyzing Political Cartoons: 1. Discuss with your partner: What do see? 2. What is the cartoonist trying to say about the U.S.’s ability to “stay neutral” during WWII by halting trade with countries like Japan?

23. On December 7, 1941 Japan attacked the U.S. at Pearl Harbor without warning. “A date which will live in infamy.” ~ F.D.R.

24. War is Declared The United States declared war on Japan. Germany declared war on the United States.