1. RUSSIAN FEDERATION Российская Федерация Российская Федерация VOCABULARY

2. permafrost – ground that is permanently frozen. Arable Land – land that can be used for growing crops. “-stan” – Homeland of... Market economy - production, price and distribution are primarily determined by the free market. Demographics – statistics based on population related factors such as age, sex, education, etc.

3. Trade Surplus – The value of a country's exports is greater than its imports. Trade Deficit – The value of a country's imports is greater than its exports. Balance of Trade – the difference between the monetary value of exports and imports. Standard of Living – The overall quality of life that people enjoy.

4. Czar (Tsar) – Title of the emperor of Russia Westernize – To become more like the United States and/or Western Europe. Russification – to become Russian in character. Imperialism - Extending a country’s rule/influence over foreign countries

5. Bolshevik - Early name of communists in Russia Soviet Union(USSR) - A large group of countries in Asia, led by Russia. USSR no longer exists. Soviet - Russian word meaning council. Communism - political, social, and economic system of in which the state owns all property, controls the production and distribution of goods and services.

6. Dictatorship – ruled by a single person or small group with absolute power. Command economy - Government determines prices, production, and distribution of goods and services. collective farm - government owned farm where people work on a quota system.