1. Imperialism Chapter 11 Section 2

3. Imperialism

4. Form of ImperialismCharacteristicsExample ColonyA country or region governed internally by a foreign power Somoliland in East Africa was a colony of France ProtectorateA country of territory with its own internal government but under the control of an outside power Britain established a protectorate over the Niger River delta Sphere of InfluenceAn area in which an outside power claims exclusive investment or trading privileges Liberia was under the sphere of influence of the United States Economic ImperialismIndependent but less developed nations controlled by private business interests rather than by other governments The Dole Fruit company controlled pineapple trade in Hawaii

6. New Imperialism – management methods Indirect ControlDirect Control Local government officials were used Limited self-rule Goal: to develop future leaders Government institutions are based on European styles but may have local rules Foreign officials brought in to rule No self-rule Goal: assimilation Government institutions are based only on European styles Examples: British colonies such as Nigeria, India, Burma U.S. colonies on Pacific Islands Examples: French colonies like Vietnam Portuguese colonies like Angola *Two methods used in direct control: Paternalism & Assimilation

7. Paternalism Governing people in a protective, parenting way. –Giving them necessary items in order to survive but denying them rights. –Used largely by the French in Africa.

8. Assimilation Forcing countries to adapt the ways of the imperialist power. –Examples are forcing people to speak the same language, adapt clothing fashions, religion or other social factors. –Used heavily by the French in N. Africa, British in India

9. Ethiopia The only nation to successfully defend itself against colonial control. Italy tried to conquer it in 1890’s but was led by king Menelik II. Menelik II successfully played France, Britain and Russia against each other for weapons. In The Battle of Adowa, 1896- Menelik defeated Italy.

10. Impact of Colonial Rule Positives: –reduced local warfare –improved sanitation –hospitals and schools (life span increases, literacy increases) –economic expansion African goods become desirable in Europe light infrastructure (railroads, dams, roads, etc) mainly benefit Europeans

11. Impact of Colonial Rule Negatives: –African lose control & independence –Lives lost to disease and battle –Famine kills – move from subsitance to cash crop economy –Loss of traditional cultures – causes identity problems for many, breaks up families –Cutting up of Africa leads to everlasting turmoil in region