1. Afrobarometer Namibia 2003 Christiaan Keulder Institute for Public Policy Research

2. The Afrobarometer A cross-national survey on attitudes towards markets and democracy 15 African countries that have multi-party elections; and implemented market reforms Started in 1999 Coordinated by IDASA, CDD, Michigan State University– East Lansing

3. The Namibian Surveys (1) Nationally representative sample (1,200) Probability-Proportional-To-Size (PPS) Two tier stratification: urban/rural; male/female Gender quota Citizens of voting age Face-to-face interviews Three surveys – 1999, 2002, 2003

4. The Namibian Surveys Field work: Research Facilitation Services Funding: Royal Netherlands Embassy

5. Themes (1) Preference for democracy Preference for non-democratic alternatives Performance of the democratic regime Demand and supply model Legitimacy State capacity and government performance

6. Themes (2) Political Trust Responsiveness Corruption Partisanship and Political Mobilisation

7. Preference for Democracy

8. Preference for Non-Democratic Alternatives

9. Performance of the democratic regime (1) Quality of democracy

10. Performance of the democratic regime (2) Current vs. Past 199920022003 %% Freedom to say what you think79.790.392.3 Freedom to join any political organisation you want85.187.992.3 Fear of being arrested when you are innocent78.372.974.8 Freedom to choose who to vote for without feeling pressured85.586.191.0 The ability of ordinary people to influence what government does-59.773.7 Safety from crime and violence51.265.565.0 Equal and fair treatment for all people by government64.258.778.9

11. Performance of the democratic regime (3) Satisfaction with democracy

12. Demand and Supply (1)

13. Demand and Supply (2)

14. Legitimacy

15. State Capacity and Performance (1) Capacity to solve existing problems

16. State Capacity and Performance (2) Current vs. Past

17. State Capacity and Performance (3) People’s Agenda

18. State Capacity and Performance (4) Performance select policy areas

19. Political Trust

20. Government Responsiveness (1)

21. Government Responsiveness (2) Contact with Representatives

22. Perceptions on Corruption

23. Access to Documents and Services

24. Response to delays

25. Actual Bribes Paid

26. Partisanship and Cognitive Mobilisation (1) High Partisanship: Those who feel close or very close to a party. Low Partisanship: Those who do not feel close to a party. Cognitive ability: Level of education + Interest in public affairs (6-point scale) Low cognitive ability (<3) High cognitive ability (>3)

27. Partisanship and Cognitive Ability (2) General Typologies Apoliticals: Low partisanship and low cognitive abilities Ritual Partisans: High partisanship and low cognitive abilities Apartisans: Low partisanship and high cognitive abilities Cognitive partisans: High partisanship and high cognitive abilities

28. Partisanship and Cognitive Ability (3) Namibian Typologies Apoliticals 2002 (15.9%) 2003 (11.4%) Ritual Partisans 2002 (39.7%) 2003 (17.2%) Apartisans 2002 (11.1%) 2003 (24.2%) Cognitive Partisans 2002 (33.2%) 2003 (46.8%)