1. “We must be willing to get rid of the life we’ve planned, so as to have the life that is waiting for us.” -Joseph Campbell

3.  Support (skeletal system)  structural support/framework for the entire body  Storage  Minerals (calcium) and lipids.  Blood cell production.  site of formation for all types of blood cells.  Protection  vital organs of the body  ribs surround the visceral organs  central nervous system is encased within the skull and spinal cord.  Leverage  Many of the joints of the body act as levers therefore assisting with movement.  Provides a place for muscles, tendons, ligaments to attache

4. The skeleton is the rigid frame Flexible articulations form joints Muscles, tendons, and ligaments form a system of pulleys

6. Deformity of bone, swelling Lameness, swelling, hx of abuse

7.  Open (compound) – broken skin  Closed – intact skin  Simple (1 break): oblique, transverse, incomplete fractures  Comminuted –multiple pieces  Stable – ends opposed and fixed (ie. greenstick)  Unstable  Compression: vertebrae

8. Transverse fracture Oblique fracture

9. Comminuted fracture Greenstick fracture

10. Fissure fractures

11. Spiral Fractures

12. COMPRESSION FRACTURE SALTER-HARRIS FRACTURES OF THE EPIPHYSIS

13. In open fractures bone is exposed through the skin

14. SPLINTS It is critical that the splint support both the joint above and below the injury ! METASPLINT or SPOON SPLINT

15. ROBERT JONES BANDAGE

16.  Casts can be made for the entire body, as for spinal injuries, for any portion of the body, or for just the extremities.

17. IM (Steinmann) pins with cerclage wires

18.  Advantages of IM pins  Prevent bending forces  Disadvantages  Do not prevent rotation or compressive (axial) forces  Should be combined with other methods such as cerclage wire to prevent other forces

19. Bone plates and screws http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wls_ Pyop-D0

20. External fixators are pins that penetrate the skin and bones that are attached to fixed bars or acrylic using special clamps: Kirschner-Ehmer apparatus

21.  Restrict activity  Watch for drainage, swelling, heat  Metal (plate, pin) stronger than bone – refracture may occur  Follow up x-rays necessary  Metal should be removed after healing  Metal may cause cold sensitivity