1. Support Learning and Development

2. © 2012 Pearson Australia ISBN: 9781442541757 Social and Emotional Competence The periods from 6 to 12 years and 12 years to young adulthood are marked by significant development across all domains – physical, social, emotional, cognitive and language. The brain continues to develop throughout this period.

3. © 2012 Pearson Australia ISBN: 9781442541757 Transitions Middle childhood is a time when children begin to function as separate individuals outside of the family unit.

4. © 2012 Pearson Australia ISBN: 9781442541757 Children’s emotional well-being and how they behave is learned within a social-cultural context - that is, from the experiences, interactions and relationships they have with other people. Social and Emotional Well-being

5. © 2012 Pearson Australia ISBN: 9781442541757 The family is at the heart of the socialisation process. The family socialise the child first as a member of the family unit (whatever this might be) and secondly as a member of the community. The Role of the family

6. © 2012 Pearson Australia ISBN: 9781442541757 Support learning and development While the family will remain a strong influencing factor in the socialisation process, other influences will begin to have a significant impact.

7. © 2012 Pearson Australia ISBN: 9781442541757 The development of morality is based on the ability to reflect, debate, question and challenge rules, laws, actions and situations. Moral development occurs over time and is developed through experience, guidance and modelling. Moral Development

8. © 2012 Pearson Australia ISBN: 9781442541757 By middle childhood, children begin to appreciate how the actions of one person might affect others. Adults can assist children to show empathy by creating opportunities to discuss caring and responsible attitudes. Empathy

9. © 2012 Pearson Australia ISBN: 9781442541757 Temperament refers to the traits that each child is born with that determines how the child reacts, interacts and behaves. Personality refers to the traits that make each person unique. These traits can include sense of humour, empathy, social values, temper, sociability, attitudes, etc. Temperament and Personality

10. © 2012 Pearson Australia ISBN: 9781442541757 Emotional self-regulation is a process of managing one’s emotions in response to situations, people or events in order to function effectively. Emotional Self-regulation

11. © 2012 Pearson Australia ISBN: 9781442541757  Emotional self-regulation is a cognitive process that requires the purposeful modification or inhibition of one’s emotions.  Emotional self-regulation is a key developmental task. Emotional Self-regulation

12. © 2012 Pearson Australia ISBN: 9781442541757  Self-awareness  Self-management  Social awareness  Relationship skills  Responsible decision-making Social and emotional competencies

13. © 2012 Pearson Australia ISBN: 9781442541757 Self-concept is the measure of how much children like or value the characteristics that make up the image they have of themselves. Self-esteem reflects the judgments children make about themselves when they compare their self-concept with what they believe is their ideal self. Self-concept and Self-esteem

14. © 2012 Pearson Australia ISBN: 9781442541757  Anxiety – feeling bad about yourself interferes with the way you deal with life’s stresses and problems  Anti-social behaviour  Focusing on failure instead of success, problems instead of challenges, difficulties instead of possibilities  Avoiding risks and avoiding situations which may involve failure Low Self-esteem

15. © 2012 Pearson Australia ISBN: 9781442541757 Children become increasingly aware of how their own skills and abilities compare with those of their peers. Influence of Peers on Self-concept and Self-esteem

16. © 2012 Pearson Australia ISBN: 9781442541757 Resilience broadly refers to the individual’s ability to overcome setbacks and persevere in the presence of difficulty or hardship. Resilience

17. © 2012 Pearson Australia ISBN: 9781442541757 Social and emotional competence can be fostered by caring adults who build respectful and supportive relationships with children and young people. Support Learning and Development