1. Russian Revolution

2. Russian Government Before Revolution 1. Absolute Monarchy: The Czar (Tsar) 2. Until 1905 the Tsar's powers were unlimited. 3. Russia had no constitution 4. No political party system to check the Tsar's power 5. A strong secret police which terrorized the people.

3. Czar Nicholas II (1894) Last Czar of Russia 1. Nicholas II was a harsh and weak ruler 2. The Russian economy was bankrupt because of the Russo-Japanese War and WWI Russia’s entry into WWI became very unpopular. 3. People of Russia very poor

4. 1.Dispute over Manchuria with Japan 2.Shook national confidence in their progress and rule of Czar. The Russo-Japanese War of 1905

5. Bloody Sunday (1905) 1.Causes of Massacre 2. January 22, 1905 3. The Fall out of Bloody Sunday

6. Russia and World War I 1. Russia declares war on Austria-Hungary 2. War becomes unpopular 3. Rationing leads to starvation 4. Nicholas II leaves St. Petersburg to war front

7. Rasputin 1.Czarina is in Charge 2.Enter Rasputin 3.Why is Rasputin so important to Royal Family? 4.The Scandals of Rasputin 5.The Death of Rasputin

8. March Revolution (1917) 1. 1917- protests spread through St. Petersburg and the Royal palace is taken over. 2. Czar abdicates 3. Provisional government (Duma) takes control lead by Alexander Keresnky 4. Provisional government unpopular after decision to stay in WWI

9. October (Bolshevik) Revolution- 1917 1. Mensheviks v Bolsheviks for control of Communist Party 2. Lead by VI Lenin “Peace, Land, and Bread” 3. Won support of people (especially peasants)

10. 1918 The End of WWI for Russia 1. March 1918 The Bolsheviks accept the peace of Brest ‑ Litovsk, ending WWI with Germany.

11. 1917-1922 The Russian Civil War 1. Reds v Whites 2. Whites initially supported by Western Powers & US 3. Both sides very brutal 4. Eventually the Reds prevail.

12. Rule of Lenin 1920-1924 1. Economic Reforms included the New Economic Plan (NEP) 2. -moderate mix of capitalism and socialism 3. Political Reforms 4. Bolshevik party became Communist Party 5. Russia becomes the United Soviet Socialist Republics

13. 1924 1. Lenin Dies 2. Power Vacuum 3. Leon Trotsky vs. Joseph Stalin 4. Stalin takes control 5. Now must decide how he will maintain power 6. Decides to create a totalitarian state