1. Chapter 1 Section 2

2. To Please the NorthTo Please the South  California was admitted to the Union as a free state.  The Compromise also banned slave trading in Washington D.C.  Popular sovereignty would decide the fate of slavery in the rest of the Mexican Cession.  Citizens of that territory would vote on slavery when they became states.  Rigorous fugitive slave laws were passed

3.  Outrage in the North ◦ The Fugitive Slave Act forced northern states to return any runaway slaves back to their owners in the south. ◦ This allowed southern slave owners to claim African Americans as escaped slaves, whether they were actually former slaves or not. ◦ Northerners fought against the Fugitive Slave Act by sometimes violently resisting slave catchers.

4.  Written by Harriet Beecher Stowe, the daughter of an abolitionist.  Told the story of a slave who was mistreated and eventually killed by his master.  The book was criticized as propaganda by southerners, but had a major effect on northerners’ views of slavery.

5.  Proposed by Senator Stephen Douglas, the Kansas-Nebraska Act suggested that the territories be split into the Kansas and Nebraska territories.  These new territories would eventually become free states, so Douglas proposed popular sovereignty in those territories.  Northerners were angry when the bill passed.

6.  The Kansas-Nebraska Act caused thousands of settlers to move to Kansas to take part in the slavery vote there.  The original vote resulted in legal slavery, so anti-slavery citizens demanded a re-vote.

7.  Growing Violence ◦ Because of the two governments in Kansas, violence grew in the territory. ◦ John Brown led antislavery fighters in an attack on a proslavery settlement at Pottawatomie Creek.

8.  Charles Sumner, a U.S. senator, spoke out against slavery in Kansas in the Senate, specifically calling out Andrew Butler, the senator from South Carolina.  Butler’s nephew entered the senate chamber and beat Sumer with a cane for his attack on Butler.