1. U2D2: Classification of Matter
Do Now:
Look over new packets. Write your name on all papers.
Draw a sample of a mixture of an element and a compound.
Today:
Book Hand out (shout out book # when asked)
Review POGIL/Do NOW/Check
3. Classification of Matter: focus on Mixtures

2. U2D1:MATTER!!!
Chemistry is all about the study of matter, the changes it undergoes and the energy associated with these changes.
Matter is simply anything that has a definite mass and volume.

3. Hmm….
Is there anything in this room that would be considered matter?

4. MATTER

5. Substances Are types of pure (homogeneous) matter
containing the same composition of material throughout the sample
Cant distinguish different parts
Which is a substance?

6. 1. Elements: cannot be decomposed by chemical change.
A. Pure Substances: Have a fixed composition: H2O is ALWAYS 2-H and 1-O
1. Elements: cannot be decomposed by chemical change.
They are made up of 1 type of atom
All atoms have the same element have the same atomic # (# of protons)
Symbols
1 capital letter : O, N, C
2 letters, the first of which is capitalized, the second lower-case: Ni, Fe, Li, Xe.

7. Diatomic: _______________________ Monatomic: ______________________
Pure Substances:
1. Elements:
Diatomic: _______________________
Monatomic: ______________________

8. 2. Compound: 2 or more different elements chemically combined
CAN be DECOMPOSED into separate elements. (by chemical means)
2 H2O  2 H2 + O2

9. Examples of COMPOUNDS
Calcium Chloride: CaCl2 Sodium Chloride: NaCl Water: H2O Glucose: C6H12O6 Sucrose (table sugar): C12H22O11 Methane: CH4

10. Composition of COMPOUNDS
2 or more DIFFERENT elements chemically combined
Homogeneous- same throughout
Have a definite ratio

11. Compounds
have properties DIFFERENT from the elements which make them up
Na: an explosive silver colored metal
Cl2: poisonous yellow-green gas
NaCl: tasty, white colored condiment on French fries

12. Na: an explosive silver colored metal

13. Cl2: poisonous yellow-green gas

14. But Chemically combined in a Compound …
NaCl: tasty, white colored condiment on French fries

15. Whats my rule K Al Kr
SrS
MnO2
HCN
What about: Na2SO4, Mn

16. Phases of a Pure Substances
Indicated by subscripted letter:
 NaCl (s) –> (s) = ____________
H2O (l) –> (l) = ____________
CH4 (g) --> (g) = ____________

17. MATTER

18. Mixtures
B. Mixtures: combinations of substances that ARE NOT chemically combined together
Variable (changeable) composition:
a little sugar in a glass of water OR a lot of sugar in a glass of water

19. Mixtures
Substances retain (keep) their characteristics or properties so when you separate them, you get the same substances back
ex. _____________________________________

20. Mixtures
Mixtures of the same substances may have different properties if the amount of each is different in the mixtures:
Cast Iron: brittle (iron with a lot of carbon)
(Cast iron pans, railings)
Steel: Bendable – malleable (iron with a little carbon)

21. A. Homogeneous Mixture
- components are uniformly distributed throughout
a. Characteristics:
uniform – the same throughout
cannot see parts
can not be separated by filtration (but can be boiled to separate)

22. b. Parts
solute – ______________________________ ex:____________
solvent - ______________________________ ex. ____________

23. Other Homogeneous Mixtures

24. c. Types of Homogeneous Mixtures
1. Amalgam: mercury (Hg) is the solvent:
Ex. silver dental fillings: silver (Ag) dissolved in Hg
(Also used to mine gold (Au), bad for the environment)

25. c. Types of Homogeneous Mixtures
2. Tincture: ethanol (alcohol) is the solvent:
tincture of iodine (I2)
I2 dissolved in alcohol

26. Other Homogeneous Mixtures
3. Alloy: 2 or more metals mixed together ex. copper and zinc: ______________ ex. copper and tin: _______________ any gold (Au) less than 24K: 14K: 14 parts Au and 10 parts other metal 18K: _____ parts Au and ______ parts other metal

27. 4. Aqueous solutions
homogeneous mixtures with water as the solvent _______________ solutions NaCl (aq) (aq)= aqueous Sodium chloride dissolved in water Solution means a homogeneous mixture

28. Aqueous Solutions: ex. NaCl (aq)
Recall…..
solute – stuff that gets dissolved __________
solvent - stuff that does the dissolving ____________
Water is called the ____________ ___________ because it dissolves so many things well
**SOLUTION MEANS HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE****

29. 2. Heterogeneous Mixtures : varying composition throughout
a. Characteristics
Particles are visible
Large particles will settle out; needs to be shaken in water mixtures
Can be separated by filtration (water suspensions)

30. Heterogeneous Mixtures (also called a suspension)

31. b. Examples:
Granite
Sand & Water

32. Heterogeneous Mixtures
Pizza
Oil & Water

33. Colloids
Special type of heterogeneous mixture- Particles are larger than molecules but too small to see
Scatter light so makes things blurry, turbid (cloudy), translucent
Fog

34. Colloids
Cloudy aquarium
Whipped Cream
Mayonaise

35. Mixture Dot Diagram See how we have 2 different things mixed together
Red and blue are bound together (compound) and yellow (element) is mixed with it

36. Practice! MIXTURE HOMOGENEOUS HETEROGENEOUS Soil Air (clean) KCl (aq)
22 K Gold

37. MIXTURE HOMOGENEOUS HETEROGENEOUS Chocolate Chip Cookie NaNO3 (aq)
Identify the following as HOMOGENEOUS or HETEROGENEOUS mixtures by placing a check () underneath the appropriate heading.
MIXTURE
HOMOGENEOUS
HETEROGENEOUS
Chocolate Chip Cookie
NaNO3 (aq)
Italian Salad Dressing
Sand & water

38. Work on Practice 2.1

39. Physical vs Chemical properties
Let’s Brainstorm your own Chemical and Physical properties and changes

40. Properties of Elements
Properties do not vary: All samples of aluminum have the same density
Cannot change identity or properties by PHYSICAL changes ex. Boiling, melting
Can change in identity and properties by a chemical change ex. Burning (combustion), rusting (oxidizing)

41. Reference Table S: (Superfriends’ favorite): properties of the elements

42. Substances; Elements

44. U2D2: Properties of Mixtures; Using a Bunsen burner
Agenda: HW Collected: Vocab diagrams and 5 Q’s Lab Check :need calculator and ref Table Complete Properties of Mixtures How to use the Bunsen burner!
Date
Assignment
Grade
page
 9/24
Density of Al Foil Check
 24
9/24
How to Use a Bunsen Burner 25

46. Changes of Matter They can either be physical or chemical
Physical: Doesn’t Change the Identity of the matter, just its form
Chemical: changes the identity of the matter

47. You tell me; Physical or Chemical?
The paint has worn away, so the steel body of an old car begins to rust (rust forms when iron reacts with oxygen…)
Chemical
Potassium thiocyanate crystals dissolve easily into water.
Phyiscal

49. You tell me; Physical or Chemical?
A 10.0 g sample of lauric acid can be melted by adding heat.
Physical
Sodium metal explosively reacts with water to form hydrogen gas and sodium hydroxide.
Chemical

50. Physical Changes: ID stays the same
Melting
Boiling
Dissolving
Evaporating
Crushing
Stretching
Changing its shape

51. Chemical changes: ID changes
Rusting (Iron reacting with oxygen)
Burning (Reacting with Oxygen)
Decomposing (Breaking bonds)
2 H2O  2 H2 + O2
Reacting with…
X + Y  XY A new compound was made!

52. Chemical Change

53. Mixtures: Homogenous
Remember, homogeneous means that it is uniform throughout the mixture.
Cant distinguish one part from another.

54. Illustrating Types of Matter; Dot Diagrams
Each dot represents a single atom.
Different types of dots are different types of elements
Ex; Different phases of the same element:
Solid
Liquid
Gas

55. What are these dot diagrams for
What are these dot diagrams for? Element Diatomic Molecule (not a compound since its only 1 type of atom). Br, I, N, Cl, H, O, F Compound (2 different elements bonded together) Heterogeneous Mixture Homogeneous Mixture

56. Whats my rule? Sugar (C6H12O6) CuSO4 Water Iron Hydrogren Helium
What about: FeO, Mercury

57. Figure out what makes the 2 columns different and then classify the bottom terms
Water
Iron
Sugar
Gatorade
Sugar Water
Salad
What about; Aluminum, cereal, coffee, oxygen

58. Whats my rule? Mud Garbage Chocolate chip cookie dough Salt water
Kool-aid
Tap water
What about: Iced Tea, a bag of skittles

59. Rest of the period: Continue the guided practice.
Homework for tonight:
Finish HW # 1