1. Parts of Speech
Mrs. Holzbauer

2. NOUNS Person, place, thing, or idea
Concrete nouns:
You can see, hear, taste, smell or touch them.
*Can interact using at least one of the five senses.
**like concrete, which you can touch
EX. girl, dog, school, desk
Abstract nouns:
Concepts, ideas, qualities, conditions
Cannot interact with five senses
Ex. Freedom, honor, love

3. Nouns Collective nouns: Groups of people or things as one unit
A class
Ex. Class, community, neighborhood
Compound nouns:
two or more words used together
to name a person, place or thing
Ex. Fire engine Rock-and roll
toothbrush

4. Nouns Common noun: Basic names for any person, place, or thing
Ex. Boy, girl, dog, school
Woman
Proper noun:
Specific names for any person, place, or thing
*capitalized
Ex. Mrs. Holzbauer, Fido, San Marcos High School
President Barack Obama

5. PRONOUNS: takes the place of a noun
Singular
Plural
First Person
I, me, my, mine
We, us, our, ours
Second Person
You, your, yours
Third Person
He, him, his, she, her, hers, it, its
They, them, their, theirs
Ex went to the store.
Sarah
She

6. PRONOUNS Reflexive Pronouns: adds information
to the sentence by pointing
back to a noun or pronoun
earlier in a sentence
Those people
Ex. Michael taught himself to play the guitar.
This boy
That girl
Demonstrative Pronouns: direct attention
to specific people, places, things
*demonstrates
Ex. This These
That Those
These books are new.

7. PRONOUNS Relative Pronouns: Connects a subordinate
clause to the rest of the sentence
that which who whom whose
Ex. He found the cattle that he lost.
Interrogative Pronouns: used to begin a question
what which who whom whose
Ex.
What did you say?
Which of the answers is best?

8. PRONOUNS Indefinite Pronouns: refer to people, places,
or things, often without specifying which ones
another anybody anyone both few all any
Several of the guests were late.
Everyone ate everything offered.

9. VERBS: a word that expresses time while showing an action, condition, or the fact that something exists
Action verbs: tells what action
someone or something is performing
He scored a touchdown.
She kicked the ball.
We laughed at the movie.

10. VERBS Transitive Verb: takes an object,
action is directed to an object
Object
Verb
The pitcher throws the ball.
Intransitive: Does not
direct its action to an object
No object.
The pitcher throws.
Verb

11. Verbs Linking Verbs: connects a word or words at or near the beginning
of a sentence with a word or words
at or near the end.
Ex.
Can be
Would have
Has been Is
Was
Were Am
Example:
I am an English teacher.

12. ADJECTIVES: words used to describe a noun or pronoun or to give a noun or pronoun a more specific meaning
They answer:
Scary pumpkin
Orange pumpkin
What kind?
That pumpkin
Her pumpkin
Which one?
One pumpkin
How many?
Some pumpkins
How much?

13. ADJECTIVES Nouns as Adjectives: nouns become
adjectives when they modify
other nouns and answer
What kind? (and) Which one?
Noun: Pineapple
Noun: Juice
Pineapple + Juice
Adjective
Noun
What kind?
Pineapple Juice

14. ADJECTIVES Proper Noun Proper Adjective Mexico Mexican Food
Proper Adjective: a proper noun used as an adjective
or an adjective formed from a proper noun
Proper Noun
Proper Adjective
Mexico
Mexican Food
San Marcos High School
San Marcos High School’s band
Mrs. Holzbauer
Mrs. Holzbauer’s class
Answers
Which kind? Or Which one?

15. ADJECTIVES Compound adjective: an adjective
made up of more than one word
Ex. Freeze-dried coffee
Ex. Strawberry-banana yogurt

16. ADJECTIVES Pronouns used as adjectives:
A pronoun functions as an adjective if it modifies a noun
Ex. My book
Your book
Which one?
These are most
often possessive pronouns.
Demonstrative Adjectives:
This that these those
Adjective
This book is hilarious!
Pronoun
This is hilarious!

17. “What” modifies “name.” “Whose” modifies “shirt.”
ADJECTIVES
Remember, adjectives do not take the place of a noun, they modify a noun or pronoun..
Interrogative Adjectives:
used to ask a question
What name should I call you?
“What” modifies “name.”
Whose shirt is this?
“Whose” modifies “shirt.”

18. ADJECTIVES Indefinite adjectives: Modifies a person, place,
How many crackers?
Indefinite adjectives:
Modifies a person, place,
or thing without being specific.
Ex.
Another cracker
Few students like grammar.
Which students?

19. ADJECTIVES Verbs used as adjectives:
When verbs are used to modify a noun or pronoun
Mainly end in
–ing Or
-ed
The sitting owl was still.
The melted ice was in the sun.

20. ADJECTIVES
Articles: A AN
The

21. ADVERBS: a word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another verb
Answers the questions:
How?
Where?
When?
To what extent?

22. ADVERBS Examples: The girl ran quickly. Answers: How?
The girl ran earlier.
Answers: When?
The girl ran there.
Answers: Where?
The girl ran exceptionally.
Answers: To what extent?

23. ADVERBS Adjectives vs. Adverbs…..which is which? Verb Adverb
The student ran straight towards the door.
Adjective
The road was straight.
noun

24. Prepositions: a word that relates a noun or pronoun that appears with it to another word in the sentence
There are many more.
Examples:
Above Below Between
Beyond Around Without
The umbrella is above their heads.
Her feet are under the table.
They are looking at each other.

25. Prepositions Examples: -on top of -next to -prior to
Compound Prepositions:
Prepositions consisting of more than one word
Examples:
-on top of -next to -prior to
The coffee is on top of the table.
I was standing next to the table.
We met prior to the meeting to discuss details.

26. Object of the preposition
Prepositions
Prepositional phrase:
a group of words that includes a preposition
and a noun or pronoun, called the object
of the preposition.
Example:
We had a picnic in the park.
Object of the preposition
Preposition

27. Object of the preposition
Prepositions
Is it a preposition or an adverb?
The smoke drifted up the chimney.
Preposition
Object of the preposition
The dark, ugly smoke drifted up.
adverb
Modifies this verb

28. Conjunctions: a word used to connect other words or groups of words
Coordination conjunctions:
connects other words or groups of words
For
And
Nor
But Or
Yet So
I liked reading both Twilight and Harry Potter.
I thought I had a “C,” but I actually had an “A.”

29. Conjunctions Correlative Conjunctions:
The same as coordinating conjunctions, but used in pairs
Ex.
Both…and
Neither…nor
Whether…or
Either…or
Not only…but also
I understand both integers and square roots.
Neither television nor the computer distracted me from my work.

30. Makes this part important Makes this part important
Conjunctions
Subordinating Conjunctions:
Connects two complete ideas by
making one of the ideas subordinate
(less important) to the other
Makes this part important
Ex.
Because Carol practices, she is a good artist.
Ex.
Even though I like Huck. Finn, I like Cuckoo’s Nest better.
Makes this part important

31. Interjections: a word that expresses emotion and functions independently of a sentence
Hooray!
Ouch!