1. TWPS #1 What led to fall of the Ghana Empire? Take the next 3 minutes to write.

2. 7.4.3 Empire of Mali The Big Idea The wealthy and powerful Mali Empire ruled West Africa after the fall of Ghana. Main Ideas A ruler named Sundiata made Mali into an empire. Mali reached its height under the ruler Mansa Musa. Mali fell to invaders in the late 1400s.

3. Main Idea 1: A ruler named Sundiata made Mali into an empire. Sundiata, Mali’s first strong leader, was both a warrior and a magician. He conquered Ghana and took over the salt and gold trades. He had new farmlands cleared for crops of beans, onions, and rice. He also introduced cotton as a new crop. To protect his authority, he took power away from others and adopted the title mansa.

4. Mansa Mansas had both political and religious roles in society. The religious role of the mansa grew out of traditional Malian beliefs. –According to the beliefs, people’s ancestors had made an agreement with the spirits of the land that would ensure the lands provided plenty of food.

5. TWPS #2 What type of power did the “Mansa” of Mali have?

6. Islam was important to Musa, so he made a pilgrimage to Mecca. He influenced the spread of Islam through a large part of West Africa and had mosques built throughout his empire. During this journey, he introduced the empire of Mali to the world. Mali became famous throughout Africa, Asia, and Europe. Main Idea 2: Mali reached its height under the ruler Mansa Musa. He also stressed the importance of education and learning to read the Arabic language. He sent scholars to study in Morocco. They came back and set up schools to study the Qur’an.

7. TWPS #3 How did “Mali” become internationally known?

8. Main Idea 3: Mali fell to invaders in the late 1400s. Weak rulers such as Maghan could not stop raiders, leading to the empire’s gradual decline. The empire had become so large that the government could not control it. Some areas declared their independence. Invaders finally took over almost all the lands of the Mali Empire by the 1500s.

9. TWPS #4 Compare the fall of the Mali Empire, to how you know the Roman Empire fell.