2. 8 nouns pronouns adjectives verbs adverbs prepositions conjunctions interjections

3. Part of Speech #1#1 http://www.suite101.com/view_image_articles.cfm/3007848 nouns 1. Nouns name… a PERSON (girl, teacher, employee) a PLACE (school, ) a THING (bus, coat, pizza, job) or an IDEA (love, justice, thankfulness) 2. Nouns can be common/not specific (park) or proper/specific (Baker Park). 3. Nouns are who or what sentences are about (Who played ball? Jack played ball.) (What did Jack play? Jack played ball.) 4. Nouns are usually SUBJECTS (Jack in the sentence above) or OBJECTS (ball in the sentence above). A subject is the one doing the action (doing the playing, above), while an object is what or who is receiving the action. SUBJECTS more often come at the beginning of a sentence and OBJECTS toward the end.

4. Part of Speech http://www.suite101.com/view_image_articles.cfm/3007848 1. Pronouns substitute or take the place of nouns she (the woman); his (John’s); it (the statue) 2. Otherwise, sentences would sound quite funny… Julie took Julie’s umbrella to work today, and Julie’s umbrella dropped and broke! Instead… Julie took her umbrella to work today, and it dropped and broke! 3. Some of the more common pronouns are I, me, mine, you, yours, he, him, his, she, her, hers, it, we, our, ours, us, they, their, theirs, them. pronouns #2#2

5. Part of Speech http://www.suite101.com/view_image_articles.cfm/3007848 1.Adjectives describe a noun or pronoun. Sometimes we say they MODIFY (describe) a noun or pronoun. The colorful fish swam upstream. Sam could only carry a few books because of her broken right arm. I love the gorgeous weather we’ve been having in our sunny state of Florida! 2. Often, an adjective answers the following questions: what kind, how much, how many, or which one? The children had chocolate ice cream. 3. Adjectives called articles include words like a, an, & the… a timeline, an apple, the answer. 4. Adjectives may follow a verb such as is, seems, feels, or appears. The test seems difficult. My shirt appears dirty and torn. #3#3 adjectives

6. Part of Speech http://www.suite101.com/view_image_articles.cfm/3007848 1.Verbs show action or link the subject to another word in the sentence. The police arrested the bank robber. 2. Verbs are the main part of the predicate (part of the sentence telling what the subject is doing, more often in the second half of the sentence). Eager students rushed out the school doors. 3. Verbs can be broken down into three types: ACTION (blows, screeches, takes, sings) LINKING (is, are, was, were, am, being, been, smell, look, taste, remain, feel, appear, sound, seem, become, grow, stand, turn) HELPING (shall, will, should, would, could, must, can, may, have, had, has, do, did, does) #4#4 verbs PREDICATESUBJECT

7. Part of Speech http://www.suite101.com/view_image_articles.cfm/3007848 1.Adverbs describe… a VERB (Jackie left the game early.) an ADJECTIVE (That ride was scary!) or ANOTHER ADVERB (I very quietly tiptoed out.) 2. Adverbs generally answer the following questions in a sentence: HOW, WHEN, WHERE, HOW OFTEN, or HOW MUCH. 3. Sometimes we say that an adverb MODIFIES. That means “describes” or gives more information about. 4. Many (though not all) adverbs end in ‘ly.’ (carefully, respectfully, nicely, eagerly, exactly, precisely, hungrily). 5. Some negative words are adverbs, such as not, never, nowhere, rarely, hardly, barely. #5#5 adverbs

8. Part of Speech http://www.suite101.com/view_image_articles.cfm/3007848 1.Prepositions show position or direction, or can show some other relationship between nouns or pronouns in a sentence. The mouse snuck under the rug. I found my purse at the service counter. 2. Prepositions always BEGIN a phrase, called a prepositional phrase, which contains a noun or pronoun, plus other modifying words. behind the door among the crowd next to my house at her party #6#6 prepositions 3. Common prepositions include the following (though there are many more): { about above across after against along around at between before beneath by down during except for for from in of off on over out throughout to toward under until up upon with within

9. Part of Speech http://www.suite101.com/view_image_articles.cfm/3007848 1.Conjunctions CONNECT single words or groups of words/phrases. The test was long and hard! We can rest here or go a little farther. I would have gone, but I got sick. 2. Think of conjunctions as links. 3. Three types of conjunctions exist: coordinating, correlative, subordinate #7#7 conjunctions * COORDINATING connect eaual words, phrases, or clauses Robert scrubbed the floor and fell asleep. * CORRELATIVE used in pairs to connect words or groups of words (either/or, neither/nor) Either the dog obeys, or he’s gone! * SUBORDINATE introduces a clause that cannot stand alone in a sentence (known as a dependent clause) After seeing the sky, I knew it would storm. 4. Here are a few sample conjunctions… and, but, or, nor, for, so, yet, either/or, as/so, after, although, as, because, if, since, so, though, unless, until, when, where, while

10. Part of Speech http://www.suite101.com/view_image_articles.cfm/3007848 1.Interjections are words that show great emotion/feeling or surprise. They may be considered slang and are used more in conversation. Wow! Yuck! 2. Interjections are usually set off by commas or exclamation marks. Hey, you’re up so early today! Yikes! That’s scary. #8#8 interjections 3. Some common interjections include the following: Ah Aha Aw Bam Bang Bummer Cool Drats Eek Gee Gosh Grrr Ha Hey Hooray Oh Oh boy Oh no Oops Ouch Pop Rats Ugh Uh huh Yeah Yuck Yum Well Whack Whew Wow

11. 8 nouns pronouns adjectives verbs adverbs prepositions conjunctions interjections