1. Skills and Techniques Intermediate 2 & Higher Physical Education

2. Lesson objectives… Cooperative learning task based on homework Homework feedback Importance / benefits of using a model performer Breaking a skill down to gather data and identify weaknesses Introduce principles of effective practice Reminder of research project homework due Friday 2 nd December Remember I will be putting work online for Wednesday 30 th November

3. Cooperative Learning Task Instructions Get into a group of five Number yourself 1-5 Read the answer provided – pay particular attention to the paragraph which corresponds to your number. Each person should take it in turn to explain to their group what their paragraph concerns. Each person should decide whether their understanding is Each person should now join up with those individuals in another group who are of the same number as them. Re-read your specific paragraph Discuss as a group your understanding of the paragraph Return to your original group and feedback on your specific paragraph

4. Homework feedback Homework codes used in PE Excellent of the standard expected Satisfactory, some key content / information missing Unsatisfactory, not of the level required - REDO

5. Homework Task 1: Due – Friday 25 th November Question Describe in detail how you identified and gathered data on a skill or technique that was a weakness in your performance.

6. Homework feedback Generally. Not a good start, improvement required. Some improvements required Identify the key words identified and gathered data on Use paragraphs - when describing how you identified and gathered data take a new paragraph for each observation schedule. Common mistakes Not describing how you identified overhead clear as a weakness – describing general data gathering. Not describing how you gathered data on the overhead clear – describing specific data gathering.

7.  Assessed the accuracy of overhead clear in closed environment using hoop test.  Assessed placement of overhead clear during competitive game (open environment) using scatter diagram.  Observed video of model performer to develop knowledge and understanding of the subroutines involved in overhead clear.  Broke overhead clear down into preparation, action, recovery. Created movement analysis observation schedule  Compared my overhead clear to that of a model performer using movement analysis observation schedule. Stage Two (Specific Data Collection) Analysis of Identified Weakness Analysis Of Overall Performance  Observed video of model performer to develop knowledge and understanding of the subroutines involved in overhead clear.  Broke overhead clear down into preparation, action, recovery. Created movement analysis observation schedule  Compared my overhead clear to that of a model performer using movement analysis observation schedule.

8. Observed video of model performer to develop knowledge and understanding of the subroutines involved in overhead clear. Why ? We discussed three reasons on Fri – what were they….

9. Model performers to develop knowledge and understanding of a skill As you attempt to learn a new activity or improve your performance, model performers can help you improve your knowledge and understanding of what it means to perform a skill or technique effectively. The idea is that, by seeing someone else perform to a high standard, you will get a clear picture of what it is you are striving to do. In badminton, some skills and techniques are difficult to carry out effectively, for example, a backhand clear. Watching a top level performer playing the shot, possibly from a slow- motion video, can assist you in learning how to perform the skill effectively. It may be that a fellow pupil is able to play to a high standard providing you with ideas about how you can improve your performance. Able performers may need to watch a top level performer to get an idea of how to be a more effective player. Model performers to motivate you to improve Observing top level performers can make performance look exciting and motivate you to improve your own performance. When observing performers of a higher standard you can see a wide range of skills in action, motivating you to work towards performing at their level.

10. Identify weakness - movement analysis / observation schedule It is not always necessary to observe a model performance to improve your knowledge and understanding of what it means to perform a skill effectively. You can use an observation schedule which breaks a skill down, into its three phases of action (1. Preparation. 2. Action. 3. Recovery), and explains in words the subroutines that make up the skill. By breaking the skill down you can also use the observation schedule to make comparisons between your performance and that of the model performer. Helping you identify your strengths and weaknesses. (same as previous slide) Model performers to motivate you to improve Observing top level performers can make performance look exciting and motivate you to improve your own performance. When observing performers of a higher standard you can see a wide range of skills in action, motivating you to work towards performing at their level.

11. Break a forward roll down into as many subroutines as possible... Stand feet together and hands above head. Bend knees. Place hands flat on the ground. Tuck head in. Push off from feet. Take weight on hands Curve back Roll on your back keeping feet together. Reach forward to stand upright. Raise hands above head to finish. Finish standing still Describe a forward roll using Preparation, Action, Recovery.... PREPARATION – Stand feet together and hands above head. Bend knees. Place hands flat on the ground. Tuck head in. ACTION – Push off from feet. Take weight on hands Curve back Keep legs together RECOVERY – Reach forward to stand upright. Raise hands above head to finish. Finish standing still

12. These will be key to our practical sessions Principles of Effective Practice

13. Principles of Training Principles of Effective Practice They are not the same Does not equal

14. What Makes Practice Effective? Write one buzz word/phrase that you believe will be key to ensuring our practice sessions are effective.

15. Set clear objectives Specific to strengths and weaknesses Achievable, progressive stages Work to rest ratio Increase in difficulty, specific to increase in ability Avoid effect of boredom Game like, realistic to activity Avoid fatigue Specific physical demands of skill

16. Principles of Effective Practice – fill in the blanks For our practice to be effective it needs to be _________ to our strengths and weaknesses. This means that our practice sessions will have to become ________________ more __________ as your level of performance improves. Also to avoid __________ and fatigue our practice sessions will need to be stimulating/interesting. For it to be stimulating it needs to be ______________ yet achievable, varied and last an appropriate amount of _____. Furthermore __________________________________________ stage of practice ________________________ time, ____________ _____________________ measureable objectives. specific progressivelydifficult boredom challenging time to ensure you move onto the next at the appropriate practices must have clear

17. To avoid fatigue and injury practices should be achievable in a short period of time. High quality practice for a short time is better than repetitive low level practice over a long period of time. Principles of Effective Practice – Work / Rest Ratio In any form of training it is essential to calculate your ratio of work relative to rest. But what does this mean….? Q.Athlete A works for 30s and has 60s rest what is his work to rest ratio? Q.Athlete B works for 30s and has 90s rest what is his work to rest ratio? Q.Performer A works, then rests while performer B works and continues to rest while Performer C works. What is performer A work to rest ratio?

18. Performance Level Difficulty of practice Principles of Effective Practice – Progression

19. To ensure practices are specific to your current level of skill learning and ability they must progress in difficulty as your performance improves. You can add to the demands of practices by, increasing the number of skills you have to perform, increasing the pressure, increasing the opposition. To avoid the boredom it is essential to ensure that you work at a challenging but achievable level at all times. To easy or to difficult and you will quickly become bored/disinterested. To ensure you progress at the appropriate time, practices must have clear objectives / success criteria. Principles of Effective Practice – Progression

20. Work / Rest Ratio + Progression = Principles of Effective Practice To ensure we consider work/rest ratio and progression we will need to think SMART to ensure our practice is effective Think…. SMARTSMART Specific: To stage our stage of skill learning (ability) Measureable: Targets which we can measure to check for improvement / ensure we progress at the correct time. Achievable: Practice must be challenging but achievable to keep you motivated. Problematic if to easy/difficult Realistic: Keep practice related to demands of badminton and the overhead clear (game like). By doing this makes it easier to transfer improvements into activity. Time: Consider work to rest ratio to ensure high level of performance, avoid fatigue / injury

21. Homework Task 2 (mini project): Due – Wednesday 30 th November Choose two skills, one should be a weakness (Overhead Clear) the second should be a strengths. This is not an essay answer, you may wish to produce a PowerPoint or a booklet. You may wish to include pictures, a video clip or a diagram. The key content that should be included is as follows:  Description of the purpose of each skill (i.e. When and why it would be used)  Description of how a model performer would perform the skill  Explain how your performance differs from a model performer