1. Recent Activities 102 ACGSC Committee Meeting 17 October 2008, Niagara Falls, New York Oliver Brieger, German Aerospace Center (DLR) oliver.brieger@dlr.de Institute of Flight Systems

2. ACGSC Meeting, October 17, 2008, Slide 2 Member of Hermann von Helmholtz- Association of National Research Centers (HGF) DLR is Germany’s aerospace research center and space agency

3. ACGSC Meeting, October 17, 2008, Slide 3 DLR performs basic research develops novel technologies builds and operates large-scale test facilities assumes management tasks trains junior scientists

4. ACGSC Meeting, October 17, 2008, Slide 4 Sites 31 research institutes and scientific/technical facilities at 8 sites 4 branches German-Dutch Wind Tunnels (DNW) European Transonic Wind Tunnel (ETW) German Armed Forces Flight Test Center Manching

5. ACGSC Meeting, October 17, 2008, Slide 5 Institute of Flight Systems Flight Mechanics & Flight Dynamics, SysID and Modelling Flight Sciences Dynamic Interaction between Human Operator and Machine Cognectics Control Technology and Application, Advanced Autonomy Guidance & Control System Integration of S.-Critical Systems, Systems Engineering Systems & Flight Safety Technology Validation by Experiment DLR Report DLR Report TheoryGround ExperimentFlight Test & Research DLR Report DLR Report

6. ACGSC Meeting, October 17, 2008, Slide 6 Flying Testbeds Full access to experimental systems and equipment -> in house design EC 135 - FHS VFW 614 ATTAS ARTIS-Family (Micro, Midi, Maxi) Bo-105 USTOL / MIL Demo ? (in acquisition) A 320 Advanced Technology Research Aircraft - ATRA

7. ACGSC Meeting, October 17, 2008, Slide 7 Aircraft Wake Vortex & Atmospheric Turbulences: Modelling, Interaction and Control 1.Theory 2.Messurement 3.Modelling 4.Solutions 5.Verification 6.Application

8. ACGSC Meeting, October 17, 2008, Slide 8 A400M Low Level Flight Functions with ATTAS Inflight Simuation and Demonstration of Advanced Low Level Flight Functions for Large Transport Aircraft

9. ACGSC Meeting, October 17, 2008, Slide 9 Active Control Technology – Improved Mission Effectiveness (ACT-IME) with EC 135 FHS Successful Demonstration of new EC-F functions New active Sidestick concept

10. ACGSC Meeting, October 17, 2008, Slide 10 WASLA-HALE – Remote Mission Steering and Integration of UAV into Air Traffic Management COM 1 COM 3 Command Data Link with Intercom COM 2 Relais A/C AFCS /ATHR FMS MMS-Bord RAPIN+ GCS Braunschweig GCS Manching

11. ACGSC Meeting, October 17, 2008, Slide 11 Rotorcraft - New Technologies Active Twist Blade on Test Rig Innovative New Rotor but: „Circle-shaped Rotor-Wing“ limits economy of fast flight Only 25% of noise Only 10% of vibration level, reducing scheduled maintenance cost > 50% Marginal Improvement of Efficiency

12. ACGSC Meeting, October 17, 2008, Slide 12 Flight Test Group Manching Involved in all aspects of military flight testing (mainly HQ, CFH and performance) For Eurofighter/ Typhoon soon for A400M

13. ACGSC Meeting, October 17, 2008, Slide 13 Based on GRATE and ATLAS systems developed in the late 80s to evaluate handling qualities during air-to-surface tracking Array of lighted targets are placed at predefined positions on the ground During a prolonged gun attack, target lights are illuminated in a predefined sequence Pilot has to acquire and track the respective target expeditiously and precisely, being forced to react continuously using a high gain piloting technique Employed to assess and optimize tracking filter with respect to gross acquisition and fine tracking Eurofighter Air-to-Surface HQ Evaluation for Swing- Role Adaptation (Ground Attack Test Equipment II - GRATE II) Target Area Aircraft x y

14. ACGSC Meeting, October 17, 2008, Slide 14 Flight Test Parameters and Simulated Attack Geometry

15. ACGSC Meeting, October 17, 2008, Slide 15 Employment of GRATE II for Pilot Model Identification Optimization of Target Array Geometry Requirement: nearly uniform and small angle variations (0.4 - 1 deg) due to small perturbations approach Aperture Angle [deg] x1x1 x2x2 y1y1 y2y2 x3=y3x3=y3 x4x4 y5y5 x5x5 x 133 m 123 m 112 m y4y4 1 deg limit 0.4 deg limit Distance x to reference target 4 x 21.5 m 102 m y Last angle alteration

16. ACGSC Meeting, October 17, 2008, Slide 16 Input Signal into the Pilot-Aircraft System Defined by: The varying line of sight between the aircraft and the individual targets Target illumination sequence x 1 x 2 x 3 x 4 x 5 x 1+21+2 3+43+4 Distance x to the reference target [m] Aperture angle progression [deg] 22 33 Amplitude [deg] -5000 -4000 -3000 -2000 -1000 r(t) v x1 v x5 v x3 v x4 v x4 v x3 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 Distance x to the reference target [m] Multi-step Approximation 33 44 22 11 33 44 22 11

17. ACGSC Meeting, October 17, 2008, Slide 17 Frequency  [rad/s] CP 0.5 C 0.5 P 0.5 0  /2  3  /2 2  Amplitude [deg] Sequence Selection Maximized power spectra over a wide frequency range → Fourier Analysis 0  /2  3  /2 2  maximum of C Frequency  [rad/s] Amplitude Spectrum  t = 2.25s – 3s  t [s]  [rad/s] 2 )( )cos(1 2 t t t      zero location

18. ACGSC Meeting, October 17, 2008, Slide 18

19. ACGSC Meeting, October 17, 2008, Slide 19 Pilot Model Identification Results