1. The Brain

2. Cerebrum The cerebrum is the largest part of the human brain, associated with: Higher brain function such as thought and action Each hemisphere is divided into 4 sections called “lobes” Frontal Lobe Parietal Lobe Occipital Lobe Temporal Lobe

3. Frontal Lobes Located behind the forehead, the frontal lobes are the largest lobes of the brain. It is involved in: Planning Organizing Problem Solving Memory Impulse Control Decision making Controlling our behaviour and emotions The left frontal lobe plays a large role in speech and language

4. The Story of Phineas Gage

5. Parietal Lobes Located behind the frontal lobes, the parietal lobes are responsible for: Orientation Recognition Perception of stimuli (e.g. touch, hot or cold, pain)

6. Temporal Lobes The temporal lobes are located on the sides of the brain under the parietal lobes and behind the front lobes about the level of the ears. They are responsible for: Recognizing and processing sound Understanding and producing speech Various aspects of memory

7. Occipital Lobes Located at the lower back of the head, the occipital lobes: Receive and process visual information Contain areas that help in perceiving shapes and colours

8. Cerebellum Located at the back of the brain, the cerebellum controls: Balance Movement Coordination The cerebellum also allows us to: Stand upright Keep our balance Move around

9. Hypothalamus The hypothalamus is located above the pituitary gland. It is responsible for: Homeostasis (helps the body regulate its body temperature) Motivational behaviour (e.g. hunger, thirst)

10. Pituitary Gland Located at the base of the brain, the pituitary glands: Regulates and releases important hormones to our body (e.g. growth and reproductive hormones)

11. Brain Stem Located at the base of the brain, the brainstem is composed of the midbrain, the pons and the medulla. It regulates basic involuntary functions necessary for survival such as: Breathing Heart rate Blood pressure Swallowing It also plays a role in alertness and sensation

12. Spinal Cord The spinal cord is a bundle of nerve fibers located inside the backbone that connects the brain to different sensory and motor parts of the body

14. Prac: Sheep Brain Dissection - Follow the instructions on how to handle the dissection specimen and instruments *BE CAREFUL* - If the smell of the brain is bothering you, try breathing through your mouth - Read the discussion questions before you start the prac so you can think about these while you’re dissecting. - Don’t forget to wash your hands after dissecting - STAY AT YOUR OWN BENCH. DO NOT MOVE BETWEEN BENCHES - BE SAFE! SCALPELS ARE SHARP! These must not leave the benches. DO NOT WASH THE SCALPELS. This will be done for you. - Clean Up: Get the OK from me to clean up first. Fold the newspaper to enclose all the parts of the dissected brain. Place this into the garbage bag specifically for brain waste. DO NOT PUT IT IN THE GARBAGE BIN.

15. Dorsal Ventral

16. Lateral View