1. Chapter 15 THE CIVIL WAR Section 2 THE FIRST BATTLE OF BULL RUN

2. “You are green, it is true, but they are green also; you are all green alike.” President Abraham Lincoln

3. First Battle of Bull Run The First Battle of Bull Run, also known as the First Battle of Manassas, took place on July 21, 1861. First battle of the Civil War. General McDowell lead the Northern Troops General Beauregard lead the Southern Troops.

4. The Washingtonians were so sure the battle would be short, that they packed a picnic lunch to eat on the nearby hilltop. This poster Illustrates such a picnic, as well as, the flags of the North and South.

5. First Battle of Bull Run July 21 st 1861 Lincoln sent McDowell and 35,000 barely trained troops south to the Confederate capital of Richmond 22,000 troops under the command of Beauregard were waiting for McDowell along a creek called Bull Run

6. First Battle of Bull Run For two days, Union troops tried to find a way around Beauregard to get to Richmond Beauregard called for assistance and Gen. Johnston arrived with 10,000 more troops They met the morning of July 21 and Union forces drove back the Confederate line One Confederate line held firm

7. “There stands Jackson like a stone wall! Rally behind the Virginians!”

8. First Battle of Bull Run Confederate troops began to rally and push Union troops back After 10 hours of fighting, weary Union troops gave up and retreated towards Washington, D.C. The roads were flooded with the carriages of picnickers and the Union army descended into chaos

9. Results of the Battle  Thomas Jackson earned the nickname “Stonewall”.  Union suffered 3,000 casualties  Confederates suffered 2,000 casualties  Lincoln replaced McDowell with George B. McClellan.  Shattered the North’s hopes of winning the war quickly.

10. Chapter 15 THE CIVIL WAR Section 2 SEVEN DAYS’ BATTLES SECOND BATTLE OF BULL RUN ANTIETAM

11. *George McClellan – appointed commander of the Union army of the East (a.k.a. the Army of the Potomac). Transformed inexperienced troops into soldiers; however, he was too cautious. He became a national joke when newspapers repeatedly reported, “all quiet along the Potomac.”

12. War in the East: 1861-1862

13. Seven Days’ Battles McClellan leads the Army of the Potomac south to attack Richmond On June 26, 1862 Lee attacks McClellan and over seven days forces the Union army to retreat from near Richmond

14. Second Battle of Bull Run Frustrated, Lincoln orders Gen. Pope to attack Richmond “Stonewall” Jackson met Pope’s army August of 1862 for the three day long Second Battle of Bull Run The Confederates win again

15. Battle of Antietam “Bloodiest Single Day of the War” 23,000 casualties September 17, 1862 After—Confederate dead on the Hagerstown Road

16. Battle of Antietam – one of two Civil War battles fought in the North (at Antietam, Maryland). Confederate’s goal is to convince Maryland to join the Confederacy. Union soldiers find a copy of Lee’s battle plan to attack Harper’s Ferry and McClellan plans a counterattack. Antietam Creek...

17. Battle of Antietam - The two armies clash along Antietam Creek on September 17, 1862. By end of day over 23,000 casualties. Lee lost 1/4 of his army. After—Confederate dead on the Hagerstown Road During the battle...

18. Battle of Antietam - More soldiers were killed and wounded at the Battle of Antietam than the deaths of ALL Americans in the Am. Rev., War of 1812, and Mexican-American War COMBINED. After - dead near Little Dunker Church After- dead in Antietam Creek

19. Results – 12,410 Union deaths 10,700 Confederates deaths After many attempts to make McClellan move, Lincoln fires McClellan Lee did not achieve goals of bringing Maryland into the Confederacy or invading the North successfully Lincoln views Antietam as a win and starts to prepare his Emancipation Proclamation--> free all slaves in Confederacy Lincoln fires McClellan...

20. Chapter 15 THE CIVIL WAR Section 2 UNION BLOCKADE MONITOR VS. VIRGINIA

21. North’s Civil War Strategy: “Anaconda” Plan --> North’s Civil War Strategy: “Anaconda” Plan --> The North’s plan to cut off supplies to the South through naval blockades.

22. The “Anaconda” Plan Snake around the South’s coast Squeeze the South’s economy

23. Confederate Blockade Runners Confederates used small, fast ships to outrun Union Warships. Most traveled to Bahamas for supplies. Before blockade: 6,000 ships per yr. at port After blockade: 800 ships per yr. at port Is the Anaconda Plan working so far?

24. * Merrimack – abandoned Union ship that Confederates covered with iron plates and re- commissioned as CSS Virginia. * Merrimack – abandoned Union ship that Confederates covered with iron plates and re- commissioned as CSS Virginia.

25. Monitor – one of the Union’s metal ships that outmaneuvered the CSS Virginia (Union Merrimack). Gun Turret

26. The Battle of the Ironclads, March, 1862 The Monitor vs. the Virginia

27. Monitor vs. Virginia March 1862- The Virginia was sinking Union wooden warships in Hampton Roads, Virginia Monitor met the Virginia in Hampton Roads Fought for several hours, neither received serious damage, but the Virginia retreated The days of wooden warships were over!!!

28. Damage on the Deck of the Monitor