1. Diversity and culture
An introduction

2. Why are we doing this?
Equality and diversity is a section of the GP curriculum
Relevant to clinical care, relationships with patients, working with colleagues
And to you as an individual and society as a whole
And it makes routine everyday work more interesting

3. Equality
Is about creating a fairer society in which everyone has the opportunity to fulfil their potential

4. Diversity The recognition and valuing of difference between people
Creating a working culture and practices that recognise, respect, value and harness difference for the benefit of the organisation and individual patients.

5. Dimensions of Diversity

6. Dimensions of Diversity
Gender
Age/generation
Ethnicity
Nationality
Language/dialect
Skin colour
Religion
Class (wealth, family background, education)
Region(N/S, urban/rural)
Country/region of origin
Country/region of residence
Educational level
Occupation
Sexual orientation
Political orientation
Disability
Culture (beliefs, expectations, behaviours)
Subculture

7. Ethnicity
Identification with a social group on grounds of culture, common origin, and shared history

8. Ethnicity Genetic inheritance (‘Race’?) Geographical origin Religion
Nationality
History/
Migration
Culture
Language

9. Culture Complex social phenomenon
Shared beliefs, values and attitudes that guide behaviour of members
Dynamic concept - keeps changing
We are all multicultural, but often don’t recognise it

10. My cultural identity White English Not English English Woman Middle
class
Politics:
left, green,
feminist,
internationalist
(Guardian reading)
Family
member
(another
slide?)
Well
educated
1960s
generation
Doctor
Middle
aged
Shipley GP
Bradford GP
Educator

11. “Iceberg model” Kreps and Kunimoto (1994)
Gender
Age
Ethnicity
Language
Skin colour
Sea level
Socio-economic status
Occupation
Sexual orientation
Political ideology
Disability and health
Cultural beliefs, expectations

12. Your cultural identity
Which cultural groups would others say you belong to (top of iceberg)?
Which other cultural groups do you feel you belong to (bottom of iceberg)?

13. Which aspects of culture are the most important for you
Which aspects of culture are the most important for you? What most defines you?
How has your ethnicity and class background provided strengths / challenges?
How do cultural factors affect your behaviour and communication styles at work and elsewhere?
What aspects of background, attitudes and values do you share as prospective GPs?
How do these factors affect interaction with your patients and colleagues?
Are these factors likely to cause any difficulties, and if so how might they be overcome?

14. Cultural competence Well meaning blunders Cultural knowledge
Tendency to stereotype
Bigotry
Cultural acceptance

15. Flashcard exercise
Imagine the person on the card as a patient, or a colleague, or as someone on the street
What are your immediate ideas about them?
Discuss - and challenge your colleagues to think of other possibilities

16. Diversity in the consultation
Think of consultations in which differences between you and the patient (on any dimension) were a significant issue