1. How did we come up with these names???

2. Early Native Americans Broken down into four periods Paleo: crossed a land bridge into Alaska during the Ice Age Followed large animals- Mammoths and Mastodons Very few found in MS Archaic: Climate became warmer and drier Large animals did out Less nomadic Hunted deer and smaller animals Gathered foods No writing system Used stone tools

3. Woodland: Highly organized societies Built burial mounds over tombs Moundbuilders- along rivers and farms Did not depend on hunting and gathering Produced pottery, copper, and stone tools Traded Began to use bow and arrow Mississippian: Moundbuilders Religious buildings and the homes of chiefs were on top of flat mounds Largest mound-Cahokia, Illinois 2 nd largest- Emerald Mound in Natchez We have mounds all over MS Built villages-surrounded by wooded defenses and near streams for fertile soil Major crops- maize, beans, and squash

4. Emerald Mound

5. Mississippi Tribes Tribes were well organized Developed lives that fit their environment Each village governed themselves and had a strict chain of command Most of the tribes in Mississippi were fairly small such as the Choula, Pascagoula, and Biloxi The three largest tribes were the Chickasaw, Choctaw, and Natchez

6. Choctaw Largest with 20,000 members Stretched from Columbus to Yazoo City Most highly civilized Divided into 3 geographic regions and came together for tribe council and led my a chief called a mingo Clans were groups of related families Based on mothers family Women-agriculture, Men-hunted Married someone from other clan Religion-revolves around nature, especially the sun Rituals-very complicated funerals Peaceful and settled Agrarian tribe- relied on agriculture for food…they did not have to travel to survive Only Tribe left in MS!

7. Chickasaw 2 nd largest Northern MS Traveled and traded (with other tribes in North) Had a “Bone Picker” to torture people, he would pick off flesh piece by piece Very Warlike Environmentally friendly The land was sacred Would bury people upright facing the west under the homes… it saves space 2 Chief system-Wisdom and War Religion- Animism- everything has a spirit Created the Natchez Trace!!

8. Natchez Smallest of the three Southwest MS Moundbuilders and also agrarian The Sun was worshipped Women could lead Matrilineal More of a devastating group- Example… when a tribal leader would die, all wives and females of family were sacrificed to give them company in afterlife