1. From Republic to Empire

2. City on Seven Hills Latin's Settled along the Tiber River

3. Romans EtruscansShared peninsula with the Etruscans

4. Romans Romans learnedRomans learned –Alphabet

5. Romans EtruscansShared peninsula with the Etruscans Romans learnedRomans learned –Alphabet –Arch construction

6. Romans EtruscansShared peninsula with the Etruscans Romans learnedRomans learned –Alphabet –Arch construction –Gods and Goddesses

7. Roman - Latins Romans conquer Romans conquer – 509 BC - Latins drive out the Etruscans Greek City States

8. Roman - Latins Romans conquer Romans conquer – 509 BC - Latins drive out the Etruscans Greek City States Success due to DiplomacyDiplomacy Roman LegionRoman Legion – 5000 man units –Loyalty, courage, respect for authority

9. Res Publica - Republic Senate – Senate – most powerful legislators Patricians300 members all Patricians Landowning upper class (Aristocrats)

10. Senate 300 members all Patricians Landowning upper class Consuls Consuls – elected by Senate Supervise business, government, and armies Res Publica - Republic

11. Tribunes PlebeiansRepresent the Plebeians Farmers,merchants, and traders VETORight to VETO Res Publica - Republic

12. Dictator Elected in time of war Res Publica - Republic

13. Punic Wars Rome vs Carthage Early Phoenician Colony

14. ImperialismRome fought for Empire (Imperialism)

15. Punic Wars Rome vs Carthage Early Phoenician Colony Rome fought for Empire (Imperialism) Carthage fought for self-preservation (They had empire of their own)

17. Punic War Carthage North Africa Punic War General Hannibal Attacks Rome from North Elephants

18. General Hannibal Attacks Rome from North Elephants Returns to protect Carthage Defeated on open plains Punic War Carthage North Africa Punic War

19. Romans Destroyed Carthage. poured salt on all of farm land to never let Carthage return. Roman law let you live… But, if you went against them…

20. Mare Nostrum “ Our Sea”

21. Roman Republic Declines

22. Led army nine years in Gaul Julius Caesar Military General

23. Led army nine years in Gaul Pompey convinced Senate to call him home Julius Caesar Military General

24. Led army nine years in Gaul Pompey convinced Senate to call him home He came home – Took over the Senate Julius Caesar Military General

25. Reorganized a corrupt Senate Allowed more people Citizenship Julius Caesar Military General

26. Reorganized a corrupt Senate Allowed more people Citizenship Julius Caesar Military General Veni, Vedi, Vici I came, I saw, I conquered Re-established Mediterranean …and Married Egyptian Queen, Cleopatra.

27. Assassinated on Senate Floor Fear of him naming himself Emperor – or Caesar Julius Caesar Military General

28. Octavian and Mark Antony Octavian Octavian – Caesar’s grandnephew Mark Antony Mark Antony – general joined together to hunt down the murderers

29. Cleopatra VII After Caesar assassinated Marries Mark Antony - Illegal in Rome

30. Octavian and Mark Antony Go to War over control of Roman Empire used Cleopatra’s and Antony’s relationship as a political tool

31. Battle of Actium Octavian defeats Antony takes supreme rule of Rome names himself Emperor, turning Rome into an Empire one of the most influential empires the world has known

32. Octavian soon becomes Augustus or “Exalted One”

33. Pax Romana Roman Peace 200 year Period Augustus to Marcus Aurelius

34. Entertainment –C–Chariot Races –G–Gladiator Contests Many gladiators were slaves trained to fight –E–Emperor Nero ….Let the Christians fight the lions