1. Major Orders of Insects

2. Coleoptera “Sheath – winged” 2 pairs of wings (front pair covers transparent back pair) Heavy armored exoskeleton Biting and chewing mouth parts

3. Diptera: “Two-winged”

4. Flies & mosquitoes Transparent front wings, hind wings reduced and help with balance Heavy armored exoskeleton Sucking, piercing, and lapping mouth parts

5. Hymenoptera “Membrane winged”

6. Hymenoptera – “Membrane winged” Ants, bees, wasps 2 pairs of transparent wings Mobile head and well developed eyes Chewing and sucking mouth parts

7. Lepidoptera “Scale winged”

8. Butterflies & moths 2 pairs of broad, scaly wings Hairy bodies Tubelike, sucking mouthparts

9. Hemiptera “Half-winged”

10. Giant water bugs, bed bugs 2 pairs of wings or wingless Piercing, sucking mouthparts Scutellum True bugs

11. Orthoptera “Straight Winged ”

12. Grasshoppers, crickets 2 pairs of wings or wingless Biting and chewing mouthparts in adults

13. Odonata “Toothed”

14. Dragonflies & Damselfies 2 pairs of transparent wings Chewing mouthparts

15. Isoptera “Equal winged”

16. Termites 2 pairs of wings; some stages are wingless Chewing mouthparts Social insects w/division of labor

17. Siphonaptera “Tube-wingless” Fleas Small & wingless Flattened body Piercing and sucking mouthparts Jumping legs

18. Ephemeroptera Mayflies Primitive insects; less numerous today due to outcompeting Nymphs are aquatic and adults are aerial Serve as water quality indicators

19. Homopetera “Same winged” Cicadas, aphids, scales, plant-leaf & treehoppers (or hoppers), spittlebugs Plant eaters with piercing and sucking mouthparts Have 2 pairs of membraneous uniform wings or may lack wings entirely

20. Dermaptera “skin winged” Earwigs Chewing mouthparts Minor pest in homes and flowers Narrow toughened body Cerci in back hardened like forceps

21. Thysanura “thysanos=fringe ura=tail “ Bristletails and silverfish Chewing mouthparts; no wings Commonly found in dorms, apartments and basements of buildings, especially near heating systems (firebrats) or areas of higher humidity like bathrooms (silverfish). Others outdoors