1. Introduction to Geographic Information Systems (GIS) part I Marcel Fortin GIS & Map Librarian, University of Toronto gis.maps@utoronto.ca www.library.utoronto.ca/maplib January 8 th, 2007 This presentation http://www.library.utoronto.ca/maplib/temp/ALD/ARC1012.ppt

2. Objectives ► Understand the basic premises of GIS  Cartography / Map Making  Geographic Analysis ► By Learning the basics of  GIS software and databases  Different geographic datasets  Basic map creation

3. Agenda ► What is not and what is GIS? ► What are Geospatial Data? ► What is not GIS? ► Examples of GIS applications ► Software FYI ► Data Access FYI ► GIS Services/Education at the U of T ► Demos ► Where do Google Earth/Maps Fit in

4. What is not GIS?

5. What is not a GIS – Scanned Maps

6. E-maps are not a GIS http://www.ladocumentationfrancaise.fr/cartotheque/decoupage-administratif-france-2005.shtml

7. GPS IS NOT GIS http://www.skyfly.cz/pristroj/image/mage315.jpg

8. GIS not CAD

9. What is GIS?   A GIS is a computer application with the capacity to assemble, store, manipulate, analyze, and display geographically referenced information (geospatial data)

10. What are Geospatial data?  Data must “fit” with other data  Geospatial data are georeferenced data (ie. they have a geographic field) postal codes postal codes Province Province City City longitude and latitude longitude and latitude lot numbers lot numbers concession numbers concession numbers census tract census tract wards wards Air photographs Air photographs Etc. Etc.

11. Provinces

12. Postal Data

13. Longitude / Latitude

14. Parcel Information

15. Air Photos (or other raster imagery) 0.5000000 0.0000000 -0.5000000 627995.1250249 4836671.8749751

16. Road Network File

17. Combination of “Layers” 1999 Orthorectified Aerial photograph overlayed with the DMTI Spatial’s Street Network file for Ontario

19. Vector and Raster 01 VectorRaster.mxd

20. Projection Issues projections.mxd

21. Thematic / Census Mapping census.mxd

22. Topographic Mapping 04.0 TopographicMapping.mxd

23. 3D Mapping 3dmapping.mxdLINE175990487002002FBS.dwg 030m11_0100_deme.dem (global mapper) 06_3DToronto1.sxd06_3DToronto2.sxd07_3DVancouver.sxd

24. Software FYI

25. Software Campus “Standard”  ESRI Site License (campus consortium) ArcGIS (desktop)ArcGIS (desktop) ArcInfoArcInfo ArcEditorArcEditor ArcView (free version now available from map library)ArcView (free version now available from map library) ArcIMS (web) / ArcSDE (spatial data engine) / ArcGIS ServerArcIMS (web) / ArcSDE (spatial data engine) / ArcGIS Server

26. Making Sense of “ArcWording” Functions Umbrella Flavour 3D Analyst, Spatial Analyst, etc. Extensions ArcGISArcInfoArcEditorArcView ArcMap|ArcToolbox|ArcScene|ArcCatalog

27. Other Software Options  Commercial Microsoft MapPoint (software licensing office)Microsoft MapPoint (software licensing office) OracleOracle FMEFME AutoCad MapAutoCad Map ArcGIS for Autocad (see http://www.esri.com/software/arcgis/arcgis-for- autocad/index.html)ArcGIS for Autocad (see http://www.esri.com/software/arcgis/arcgis-for- autocad/index.html) Mapinfo (site license via Geography Department)Mapinfo (site license via Geography Department) Global MapperGlobal Mapper  Open Source GRASS (desktop)GRASS (desktop) MapServer (web)MapServer (web) ThubanThuban QGISQGIS See http://www.freegis.org for more software titlesSee http://www.freegis.org for more software titleshttp://www.freegis.org

28. Data FYI

29. Data Issues ► Data Culture (Canada vs. USA)  Feast or Famine ► Data Management ► Datasets of Interest ► Data Selection ► Data Creation

30. Data Culture : Feast or Famine YearDatasets Web Server / Intranet Media 19993 3 Gb (a few 100 files) 3 CDs 2007450 Over Tb (millions of files) 1200 CDs/DVDs

31. Data Culture – Mixed Bag ► Federal government  Geobase.ca  NTDB DEMs now free!  Geogratis.ca  NTDB topo data and raster imagery now free! ► Provincial Governments  Ontario  OGDE via libraries or vendors  Manitoba  free from download  BC and Alberta  pay for some free download for others ► Municipal  Toronto pay  Mississauga pay  Brampton pay  Burlington free  Peterborough free  London Free

32. Data Selection and Accuracy

36. Data Starting Point http://www.library.utoronto.ca/maplib

39. Data Creation

40. Data Creation – Waste Disposal Sites 08DataCreation.mxd

42. Future  Historical GIS 1860’s Map of Toronto with roads overlayed. Note the Lakeshore highway’s location.

43. Open Street Map

44. Examples and Demos

45. Common Examples of GIS

46. http://map.toronto.ca/imapit/iMapIt.jsp?app=TOMaps

48. Where do Google Earth/Maps fit in? Convergence or Confusion?

49. Google Earth  The Good  It’s Fun  Geographic Literacy  Geographic Interest  Technology Boom  Ease of Use  Collaboration and sharing of hundreds of digitizing projects

50. Google Earth  The Good

51. Google Earth  The Bad  “Why do we still fund GIS Projects when there’s Google Earth” – Treasury Board Official at Depository Services Program Function

52. Google Earth  The Ugly

54. Google Earth  GIS Convergence  Can now convert GIS Layers to KML format even in ArcGIS http://www.library.utoronto.ca/maplib/map.html http://www.library.utoronto.ca/maplib/map.html  Can do your own cartography  Can do some analysis

55. Future  GPS / GIS Convergence 11 GPS.mxd

56. Map & GIS Services at U of T Libraries  1960’s Map Library in Geography Department  1970’s Moved to Robarts 1 st floor  1996 Merged and moved to 5 th floor Robarts  1999 GIS & Map Librarian Hired  2002 Data & GIS Services Area Created  2002 GIS Analyst Hired  2003 UTM GIS Librarian hired (North American first)  2006 UTM GIS Technician hired  2007-2008 – Data & GIS Services expansion (unMAGICed?)

57. GIS Staff  St. George Campus GIS Team GIS & Map LibrarianGIS & Map Librarian Map CataloguerMap Cataloguer Map ProcessorMap Processor GIS AnalystGIS Analyst Graduate GIS Assistant(s)Graduate GIS Assistant(s)  UTMississauga Campus GIS and Data LibrarianGIS and Data Librarian GIS TechnicianGIS Technician

58. Communication & Teaching  GEODATA-l Listserv  New Datasets  Software upgrades  Workshops  RCAT Lab  One on one teaching  No Grad Courses anymore  ESRI Virtual Campus

59. GIS Services Facts ► 1960’s Map Library in Geography Department ► 1970’s Moved to Robarts 1 st floor ► 1996 Merged and moved to 5 th floor Robarts ► 1999 GIS & Map Librarian Hired ► 2002 Data & GIS Services Area Created ► 2002 GIS Analyst Hired ► 2003 UTM GIS Librarian hired

60. San Francisco data ► www.geographynetwork.com 09.1California.mx www.geographynetwork.com ► California Spatial Information Library http://gis.ca.gov/index.epl http://gis.ca.gov/index.epl ► San Francisco Government GIS http://www.sfgov.org/site/gis_index.asp?id=372 http://www.sfgov.org/site/gis_index.asp?id=372