1. Myology
余 明 华

2. Morphology Classification Muscle belly肌腹 Tendon肌腱 aponeurosis 腱膜
Long muscle 长肌
Short muscle 短肌
Broad muscle阔肌
Orbicular mucle 轮匝肌

3. Origin 起点 insertion 止点
position 位置
action 作用
Nomenclature of mucles肌的命名: shap, size, location, and their points of attachment

4. Accessory structures Fascia Synovial bursa Superficial fascia
Deep fascia
Synovial bursa

5. Tendinous sheath Fibrous layer
Synovial layer: mesotendon, vincula tendinum

6. Section 1 The muscles of head
The facial muscles
-the epicranius
-the orbicularis oculi
-the muscles around the mouth
The masticatory muscles
-the masseter
-the temporalis
-the medial pterygoid
-the lateral pterygoid

7. Section 2 The muscles of neck
By their situations the muscles of neck are divided into three groups: superficial, anterior and deep.
Ⅰ. the superficial group
1. the platysma

8. 2. Sternocleidomastoid ORIGIN manubrium and clavicle
INSERTION mastoid process
ACTION Protracts head when acting together; The head is inclined laterally and the face is rotated to the opposite side

9. 1. the suprahyoid muscles
Ⅱ. the anterior group
1. the suprahyoid muscles
digastric
mylohyoid
stylohyoid
Geniohyoid
2. the infrahyoid muscles
sternohyoid
omohyoid
sternothyroid
thyrohyoid

10. brachial plexus and subclavian artery 2. medial group
Ⅲ. the deep group
1. lateral group
scalenus anterior
scalenus medius
scalenus posterior
Scalene fissure: above the first rib, between the scalenus anterior and scalenus medius.
brachial plexus and subclavian artery
2. medial group

11. The Muscles of Trunk Section 3 The Muscles of Back
The Muscles of Thorax
The Diaphragm
The Muscles of Abdomen

12. The Muscles of Back Trapezius -raises,descends,retracts Scapula
Latissimus dorsi
-extends,adducts and medially rotates humerus
Levator scapulae
Rhomboideus
Erector spinae
Splenius

13. The Muscles of Thorax Pectoralis major
- adducts and medially rotates arm
Pectoralis minor
Serratus anterior
-holds the scapula against chest wall

14. EXTERNAL INTERCOSTALS
INTERNAL INTERCOSTALS

15. DIAPHRAGM
ORIGIN Vertebral:crura from bodies of L1, 2 (left), L1-3 (right). Costal: medial and lateral arcuate ligs, inner aspect of lower six ribs . Sternal: two slips from posterior aspect of xiphoid.
INSERTION Central tendon
ACTION Inspiration and assists in raising intra-abdominal pressure

16. Aortic aperture -12th thoracic vertebra
-the abdominal aorta
the thoracic duct.
Esophagheal aperture -10th thoracic vertebra
-the esophagus
the vagal trunks.
Vena cava foramen -8th thoracic vertebra
-the inferior vena cava

17. The Muscles of Abdomen Anterolateral group Posterior
External abdominal oblique
Internal abdominal oblique
Transversus abdominis
Retus abdominis
Posterior
Psoas major
Quadratus lumborum

18. EXTERNAL ABDOMINAL OBLIQUE
ORIGIN Anterior angles of lower eight ribs
INSERTION iliac crest, inguinal lig, public tubercle and crest
ACTION Supports abdominal wall, assists forced expiration, aids raising intraabdominal pressure
Aponeurotic tendons -inguinal ligament; lacunar ligament;
pectineal ligament
-superficial inguinal ring

19. INTERNAL ABDOMINAL OBLIQUE
ORIGIN Lumbar fascia, iliac crest and inguinal ligament
INSERTION Costal margin, aponeurosis of rectus sheath, conjoint tendon
ACTION Supports abdominal wall, assists forced respiration, aids raising intra-abdominal pressure
inguinal falx (conjoint tendon)

20. TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINIS
ORIGIN Costal margin, lumbar fascia, iliac crest, inguinal ligament
INSERTION Aponeurosis of rectus sheath and conjoint tendon
ACTION Supports abdominal wall, aids forced expiration and raising intra-abdominal pressure.

21. RECTUS ABDOMINIS ORIGIN Pubic crest and pubic symphysis
INSERTION 5, 6, 7 costal cartilages, medial inferiorcostal margin and posterior aspect of xiphoid
ACTION Flexes trunk, aids forced expiration and raise intra-abdominal pressure

22. Sheath of rectus abdominis白线
弓状线
Sheath of rectus abdominis
Anterior layer aponeurosis of the external and internal abdominal oblique
Posterior layer aponeurosis of the internal abdominal oblique and transversus abdominis

23. Inguinal canal lying above the medial half of the inguinal ligament; commences at the deep inguinal ring and ends at the superficial inguinal ring
Inguinal triangle
-inferior epigastric artery;
-lateral border of the rectus abdominis;
-medial half of the inguinal ligament

24. Thank you !